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personality disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What does the DSM-5-TR describe personality disorders as involving?

A

An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from cultural norms, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.

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2
Q

What are the three clusters of personality disorders as defined in the DSM-5-TR?

A
  • Cluster A: Odd or eccentric behaviors
  • Cluster B: Dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors
  • Cluster C: Anxiety and fearfulness
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3
Q

Which personality disorder cannot be diagnosed in individuals under 18 years of age?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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4
Q

What is required for a diagnosis of Paranoid Personality Disorder?

A

A pervasive pattern of distrust and suspiciousness indicated by at least four of seven specific symptoms.

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5
Q

List three symptoms of Paranoid Personality Disorder.

A
  • Suspects others are exploiting or deceiving them
  • Preoccupied with unjustified doubts about loyalty
  • Reads demeaning content into benign remarks
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6
Q

What characterizes Schizoid Personality Disorder?

A

A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.

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7
Q

What is a key symptom of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

A

Acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: Antisocial Personality Disorder requires a history of _______ before age 15.

A

Conduct disorder

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9
Q

What are the symptoms required for a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

A

At least three of seven symptoms indicating a pervasive pattern of disregard for others’ rights.

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10
Q

True or False: Individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder often seek treatment voluntarily.

A

False

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11
Q

What is the primary treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder?

A

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

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12
Q

What are the three components of DBT?

A
  • Group skills training
  • Individual psychotherapy
  • Intersession coaching
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13
Q

What is a common outcome for individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder by age 40?

A

Up to 75% no longer meet the full criteria for the diagnosis.

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14
Q

Define ‘Therapy-Interfering Behaviors’ (TIBs) in the context of DBT.

A

Behaviors that interfere with the progress of therapy, such as being late or not completing homework.

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15
Q

What is the goal of individual psychotherapy in DBT?

A

Increase skills and decrease suicidal and other life-threatening behaviors.

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16
Q

What is the role of a therapist consultation team in DBT?

A

To help therapists maintain motivation and skills to be effective.

17
Q

Fill in the blank: Schizotypal Personality Disorder shares a lack of close relationships with _______ and _______ personality disorders.

A

Schizoid, avoidant

18
Q

What is a common comorbid disorder for individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder?

A

Substance use disorder

19
Q

What is the hallmark of Borderline Personality Disorder?

A

Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects.

20
Q

What is Histrionic Personality Disorder characterized by?

A

A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

Requires at least five of eight symptoms including discomfort when not the center of attention and rapidly shifting emotions.

21
Q

List four symptoms of Histrionic Personality Disorder.

A
  • Uncomfortable when not the center of attention
  • Inappropriately sexually seductive or provocative
  • Rapidly shifting and shallow emotions
  • Uses physical appearance to gain attention
22
Q

How do Histrionic and Antisocial Personality Disorders compare?

A

Both share impulsivity and manipulative behaviors, but Histrionic involves exaggerated emotions for nurturance, while Antisocial is for power or material gain.

Histrionic individuals seek nurturance; Antisocial individuals engage in antisocial behaviors.

23
Q

What are the key features of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A

Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy

Requires at least five of nine symptoms.

24
Q

Define Narcissistic Personality Disorder.

A

A disorder characterized by grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.

Symptoms include a grandiose sense of self-importance and preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success.

25
Q

What are some symptoms of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

A
  • Avoids activities involving interpersonal contact due to fear of criticism
  • Unwilling to get involved unless certain of being liked
  • Shows restraint in intimate relationships
  • Preoccupied with concerns about being criticized
26
Q

What is a defining characteristic of Dependent Personality Disorder?

A

A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of

Leads to submissive behavior and fear of separation.

27
Q

Identify two symptoms of Dependent Personality Disorder.

A
  • Difficulty making everyday decisions without advice
  • Needs others to assume responsibility for most areas of life
28
Q

What is the main focus of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

A

Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control

Results in limited flexibility and efficiency.

29
Q

List four symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder.

A
  • Preoccupied with details and rules
  • Perfectionism that interferes with task completion
  • Excessively devoted to work over leisure
  • Reluctant to delegate work to others
30
Q

True or False: Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder involves true obsessions and compulsions.

A

False

Only Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder involves true obsessions and compulsions.

31
Q

Fill in the blank: Histrionic Personality Disorder requires at least ______ symptoms.

A

five of eight

32
Q

Fill in the blank: Narcissistic Personality Disorder requires at least ______ symptoms.

A

five of nine

33
Q

Fill in the blank: Avoidant Personality Disorder requires at least ______ symptoms.

A

four of seven

34
Q

Fill in the blank: Dependent Personality Disorder requires at least ______ symptoms.

A

five of eight

35
Q

Fill in the blank: Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder requires at least ______ symptoms.

A

four of eight

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