personality disorders Flashcards
What does the DSM-5-TR describe personality disorders as involving?
An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from cultural norms, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.
What are the three clusters of personality disorders as defined in the DSM-5-TR?
- Cluster A: Odd or eccentric behaviors
- Cluster B: Dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors
- Cluster C: Anxiety and fearfulness
Which personality disorder cannot be diagnosed in individuals under 18 years of age?
Antisocial personality disorder
What is required for a diagnosis of Paranoid Personality Disorder?
A pervasive pattern of distrust and suspiciousness indicated by at least four of seven specific symptoms.
List three symptoms of Paranoid Personality Disorder.
- Suspects others are exploiting or deceiving them
- Preoccupied with unjustified doubts about loyalty
- Reads demeaning content into benign remarks
What characterizes Schizoid Personality Disorder?
A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.
What is a key symptom of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?
Acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships.
Fill in the blank: Antisocial Personality Disorder requires a history of _______ before age 15.
Conduct disorder
What are the symptoms required for a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder?
At least three of seven symptoms indicating a pervasive pattern of disregard for others’ rights.
True or False: Individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder often seek treatment voluntarily.
False
What is the primary treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder?
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
What are the three components of DBT?
- Group skills training
- Individual psychotherapy
- Intersession coaching
What is a common outcome for individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder by age 40?
Up to 75% no longer meet the full criteria for the diagnosis.
Define ‘Therapy-Interfering Behaviors’ (TIBs) in the context of DBT.
Behaviors that interfere with the progress of therapy, such as being late or not completing homework.
What is the goal of individual psychotherapy in DBT?
Increase skills and decrease suicidal and other life-threatening behaviors.
What is the role of a therapist consultation team in DBT?
To help therapists maintain motivation and skills to be effective.
Fill in the blank: Schizotypal Personality Disorder shares a lack of close relationships with _______ and _______ personality disorders.
Schizoid, avoidant
What is a common comorbid disorder for individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder?
Substance use disorder
What is the hallmark of Borderline Personality Disorder?
Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects.
What is Histrionic Personality Disorder characterized by?
A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking
Requires at least five of eight symptoms including discomfort when not the center of attention and rapidly shifting emotions.
List four symptoms of Histrionic Personality Disorder.
- Uncomfortable when not the center of attention
- Inappropriately sexually seductive or provocative
- Rapidly shifting and shallow emotions
- Uses physical appearance to gain attention
How do Histrionic and Antisocial Personality Disorders compare?
Both share impulsivity and manipulative behaviors, but Histrionic involves exaggerated emotions for nurturance, while Antisocial is for power or material gain.
Histrionic individuals seek nurturance; Antisocial individuals engage in antisocial behaviors.
What are the key features of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?
Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
Requires at least five of nine symptoms.
Define Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
A disorder characterized by grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.
Symptoms include a grandiose sense of self-importance and preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success.
