Social structure & demographics

Question 1

What is functionalism?

Answer 1

Functionalism is a theory which states the society is a living organism. Different parts of society must come together in order to function properly. Manifest function is an action intended to positively impact society. Latent function is an unintended positive impact due to the manifest function.

Question 2

What is conflict theory?

Answer 2

Popularized by Karl Marx. Conflict theory states that the power struggle between different classes in order to gain and maintain the power.

Question 3

What is social constructionism?

Answer 3

Social constructionism is the idea that society assigns value and a meaning to forms of communication. This idea reflects how we form principles and concepts.

Question 4

What are the different social institutions?

Answer 4

Family, Government, Healthcare, Education, Religion.

Question 5

What are the four tenets of healthcare in the US?

Answer 5

1. Beneficence- Pt’s care in the best interest.
2. Nonmaleficence- do no harm. harm can’t outweigh the benefit.
3. Respect- respect the pt’s decision in healthcare
4. Justice - treat everyone the same.

Question 6

What is material culture?

Answer 6

The objects sociologists look at in order to examine the culture of a society. Flags, artifacts, clothes, art, etc.

Question 7

What is symbolic culture?

Answer 7

The ideas that sociologists look at in order to examine the culture of a society. Slogans, propaganda, ideas, theories.

Question 8

Contrast values and beliefs

Answer 8

Values are things one seems to be important in life.

Beliefs are things one deems to accept as the truth.

Question 9

Contrast race and ethnicity

Answer 9

Race is the superficial, phenotypical identity of a person- black, white, brown.

Ethnicity is influenced by other aspects such as religion, nationality, language, etc – Mexican, Nigerian, Spanish, British.

Question 10

What is the Kinsley scale?

Answer 10

Created by Alfred Kinsley. The scale is from 0 to 6 and it describes the sexual orientation of a person. 6 is the most homosexual.

Question 11

What are a few characteristics that change demographics.

Answer 11

Fertility Rate
Birth Rate
Mortality Rate
Migration

Question 12

Contrast immigration and emigration.

Answer 12

Immigration is movement to an area.

Emigration is movement away from an area.

Question 13

Describe the stages of demographic transition.

Answer 13

1. birth and death rates high, preindustrious.
2. improvement in healthcare, sanitation, nutrition.
3. improvement in contraception, birth rates drop.
4. industrialized, birth and death drop.