aamc wrong pile Flashcards
What determines the amount of movement on tlc chromatography?
The plate is usually polar so more polar objects will also bind to the plate. Nonpolar molecules will travel faster during the mobile phase.
Calculate Rf
Molecule movement / Solvent movement
Contrast the terms stereoselective and Stereospecific:
Selective” implies that there are factors which favor one product over the other, while “specific” is usually a sign that there’s something inherent to the mechanism that leads to only one product.
What is the type of bond holding together peptides?
A peptide, or amide, bond.
What does a gas-liquid chromtography measure?
It separates molecules based on their molecular weight and intermolecular forces.
Molecules with lower bp, low weight will travel faster than molecules with high bp, high weight.
What is the thin lens formula?
1 / i + 1 / o = 1 / f (in meters)
1 / f is diopters.
How does an enzyme work to lower the activation energy of a reaction?
An enzyme stabilize the transition state in order to lower the activation energy.
How do you calculate index of refraction?
n = c / v .
How is the intensity of light measured in relation to amount of photons?
The intensity of light is the number of photons released.
What is the unit Tera?
10^12.
What is the formula to calculate the amount of substance left during a half life problem.
(1/2)^x = the amount of substance left.
x = half life.
Relate AV to circulation
The capillaries have a high total area so it has low velocity.
Conditions for an ideal gas
high temp low pressure
no volume
no intermolecular forces
1 gram , 0 degrees celsius
Describe pH changes in relation to concentration changes
1 pH difference is a difference in 10x the concentration.
What chain branching pattern is in glucose?
alpha 14 chain with alpha 16 branching.
How do you calculate the heigh ratio of image/ object?
lens image distance / lens object distance.
What happens if you grind a catalyst into smaller parts?
The reaction will proceed faster.
Balancing REDOX reactions:
Cu+(aq)+e−→Cu(s)
Fe(s)→Fe3+(aq)+3e−
cross multiple the electrons :
3Cu(aq)+Fe(s)→3Cu(s)+Fe3+(aq)
Calculate EMF
RED + OX
What is the function of the signal sequence?
the signal sequence directs the protein towards the ER to be transports out of the cell.
What is nicotinamide?
NAD/ NADH.
What defines a steroid?
4 fused rings.
What is the function of Na/K ase and how does it do it?
Restore balance towards the resting potential by removing 3 Na out and moving 2 K in.
Do RBC have DNA?
No.
What are behavioralist in psychology?
Behavioralism is a systematic approach to the understanding of human and animal behavior. It assumes that the behavior of a human or an animal is a consequence of that individual’s history, including especially reinforcement and punishment, together with the individual’s current motivational state and controlling stimuli.
What is the optimal arousal theory?
optimal performance requires optimal arousal; it won’t work if it’s too high or too low.
What is Seyle’s adaptation theory?
people’s responses to stressors are generally similar
What is avoidance- avoidance conflict v approach- approach v approach- avoid
- psychological conflict that results when a choice must be made between two undesirable alternatives
- psychological conflict that results when a choice must be made between two desirable alternatives
- psychological conflict that results when a goal is both desirable and undesirable
What is linguistic relativity?
The worphian hypothesis. Language determines though.
Contrast role strain vs role conflict
Role strain is with one role
Role conflict is maintaining two different roles.
What is a mixed methods study?
Both qualitatively and quantitatively
Describe cDNA lib formation:
- Allow transcription to occur and the process of splicing.
- Take the mRNA after splicing and use reverse trascriptase to form complementary DNA without introns.
- Amplify with dna replication.
What is glycogenolysis
breaking down of glycogen storages in the hepatocytes.
Which molecules can be used to stimulate gluconeogenesis?
lactate, oaa, alpha ketogluterate, Amino Acids, Glycerol, and Propionate
Describe g linked receptors.
- ligand binds to receptor.
- gdp to gtp and moving alpha to adenylate cylase
- conversion of atp to camp, activate protein kinase a.
- activation of cascade.
What is parallel progressing?
the ability to quickly gain information, through the eyes, about color, form, and motion.
spatial– not moving
temporal– moving.
Relate homeostasis with drug addictions:
your body becomes habituated to drugs and will attempt to help you prior to injections. you will never feel the same effect as your first time because of homeostatic regulations. this can include time and place.
Describe contralateral brain function
left brain controls right side of the body
right brain controls the left side of the body.
left brain: verbal, language, and analytics
right brain: creativity, emotion, conceptual.
What is the eventual result of cognitive dissonance?
People are doing behaviors they know are typically harmful to them. Over time, the end results is that people will change their thinking so that the behavior, in their mind, will not be as bad.
Where is the highest blood pressure in the body?
Aorta.
What is the average weight of an amino acid?
110 Daltons
Describe Hills Coefficient
> 1 : Positive Cooperative Binding
=1: No cooperative binding
Compare native vs reducing SDS
Reducing separates disulfide bonds while native doesn’t.
How does an uncompetitive inhibitor work?
Substrate binds to active site first THEN the inhibitor binds causing inhibition. Decreases both vMax and Km proportionally.
Gluconeogenesis precursors
lactate, oxaloacetate, and glycerol.
How can you easily identify kerb cycle enzymes?
the name of the enzyme is the name of the substrate before it.
list stomach cells
Chief Cells: pepsinogen
Parietal Cells: HCL
intestinal enzymes:
enterokinase: converts trypsinogen to trypsin.
secretin: stimulates pancreas
CCK: stimulates liver and pancreas