Organic Chemistry Alkane Reactions

Question 1

Compare increasing carbon chains to melting and boiling point.

Answer 1

As the carbon chain increases, the boiling and the melting point increase.

Question 2

Describe the relationship between branching and boiling point.

Answer 2

As branching increases then boiling point decreases.

Question 3

Describe free radial stability

Answer 3

Tertiary is the most stable, while primary is the least stable.

Question 4

Describe the initiation step of free radical halogenation

Answer 4

The halogen is struck by light which results in a homolytic cleavage of the halogen. You go from 0 radials to two radicals.

Question 5

Describe the propagation step of free radical halogenation

Answer 5

The radical takes a H bond from an alkane. You go from 1 radical to another radical.

Question 6

Describe the termination step of free radical halogenation

Answer 6

Two radicals bind together to form a stable molecule. You go from two radicals to zero radicals.

Question 7

Contrast bromination and chlorination.

Answer 7

Bromination occurs slower and is more specific for tertiary.

Chlorination occurs faster and is less specific where it binds

Question 8

E2 reactions

Answer 8

• higher temperature than sn2
• bulky base to take a hydrogen
• anti position elimination which leads to cis/trans

Question 9

E1 reaction

Answer 9

• acid with higher temperatures

- formation of a carbocation (rearrangement)

Question 10

Electrophilic addition

Answer 10

Pi bond electrons attack an electrophile.

Creates a positive carbocation on stable carbon.

Question 11

Markovnikov’s Rule

Answer 11

Carbocation is at the most stable position.

Question 12

Syn vs Anti

Answer 12

Syn is being added to the same side.

Anti is being added to opposites sides.