Chemistry Equilibrium

Question 1

What is the formula for equilibrium?

Answer 1

Kq = products / reactants.

Question 2

What are some rules to think about when it comes to creating the equilibrium formula?

Answer 2

1. coefficients become exponents.
2. Don’t include pure liquids or solids.
3. Keq only changes due to temperature.

Question 3

How does a catalyst effect equilibrium?

Answer 3

Catalysts effect the kinetics of a reaction, NOT the equilibrium.

Question 4

Compare Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium Constant.

Answer 4

If the Equilibrium Constant is greater than the Reaction Quotient then there are a lot of reactants, therefore the reaction will shift to the right.

If the Equilibrium Constant is less than the Reaction Quotient then there are a lot of products, therefore the reaction will shift to the left.

Question 5

1 mole at stp equals:

Answer 5

22.4 L. 760 torr. 1 atm. 101k Pa. 0 degrees celcius.

Question 6

What is the common ion effect?

Answer 6

Common ion effect says the solubility of the solid will decrease due to the actions of the Le Chatelier’s Principle. If there is a common ions, then the reaction will go in the opposite direction creating more solid making it less likely to dissolve. `

Question 7

Le Chatelier’s Principle Rules:

Answer 7

1. Adding heat will make the reaction go forward, EXCEPT when you have an exothermic reaction, - delta H, in which case the reaction will go left with the addition of heat.
2. The direction of the reaction will follow volume. Volume is inversely related to pressure.

Question 8

Explain Acid/ Base solubility

Answer 8

Due to the common ion effect, acids are more likely to be soluble in bases & bases are more likely to be soluble in acids.

Question 9

What do you do if you’re give ksp and asked to solve for molarity?

Answer 9

Use the long formula with all the coefficients and exponents.

Question 10

What do you do if you’re given M and asked to solve for ksp?

Answer 10

Use the shortcut without the coefficients.

Question 11

How do you solve common ion problems?

Answer 11

The concentration given, is the concentration for the solute. X is negligible so don’t worry about it, then solve for ksp. Remember the ksp should be lower than normal.

Question 12

Acetate

Answer 12

C2H3O2-

Question 13

Bicarbonate

Answer 13

HCO3-

Question 14

Bisulfite

Answer 14

HSO3-

Question 15

Bisulfate

Answer 15

HSO4-

Question 16

Dihydrogen phosphate

Answer 16

H2P04-

Question 17

Hypochlorite

Answer 17

ClO-

Question 18

Chlorite

Answer 18

ClO2-

Question 19

Chlorate

Answer 19

ClO3-

Question 20

Perchlorate

Answer 20

ClO4-

Question 21

Cyanide

Answer 21

CN-

Question 22

Hydroxide

Answer 22

OH-

Question 23

Superoxide

Answer 23

O2-

Question 24

Nitrite

Answer 24

N02-

Question 25

Nitrate

Answer 25

NO3-

Question 26

Permanganate

Answer 26

MnO4-

Question 27

Carbonate

Answer 27

CO3^2-

Question 28

Chromate

Answer 28

CrO4^2-

Question 29

Dichromate

Answer 29

Cr207^-2

Question 30

Hydrogen phosphate

Answer 30

HPO4^2-

Question 31

Oxide

Answer 31

0^2-

Question 32

Peroxide

Answer 32

02^2-

Question 33

Sulfite

Answer 33

so3^2-

Question 34

Sulfate

Answer 34

So4^2-

Question 35

What affects the equilibrium constant?

Answer 35

Temperature. Keq is evaluated at a certain temperature.