Social Psychology: Attribution Processes Flashcards
We tend to give casual explanation for someone’s behavior
Attribution
One that holds an individual responsible for their behavior
Disposition Attribution
One that looks at factors from the environment to explain why someone acts the way that they do
Situational Attribution
Initial understanding that a person has positive or negative traits it used to infer positively/negative characteristics
Halo Effect
We attribute our achievements and successes to personal stable causes and our failure to situational factors
Self-Serving Bias
Tendency to underestimate the impact of situational factors and overestimate the impact of personal factors when stating why someone acts the way they do
Fundamental Attribution Error
Believe that people get what they deserve
Just-World Hypothesis
Let our preconceived expectations of other influence how we treat them and bring about the behavior we thought come true
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Bloor Study is called what?
Rosenthal Effect
Teachers were told what students were expected to be smart and they treated them differently
Rosenthal Effect
First impression
Primacy Effect
Change first impression due to new evidence
Recency Effect
Incorrect inference about behavior
Misattribution
Tendency to believe that they are more similar to others attitudes than to what they are
False Concensus Effect
Tendency to underestimate the extent to which they are similar to others
False Uniqueness Effect
Tendency for people to discount the likelihood of one cause for behavior when they are strongly aware of another cause
Discounting
Mental Schema society attributes uncritically to different groups
Sterotypes
Unjustified negative attitude an individual has for another based solely on that person’s membership in a group
Prejudice
Prejudice is often used bias or stereotypes often causes by what 2 things?
Social Learning
Motivational Theory
Occurs when prejudice attitudes result in unjustified behavior towards members of that group
Discriminaiton
When our self-worth is in doubt or jeopardy, we become frustrated and find others to blame
Scapegoat Theory
Basic belief that our culture is superior to others
Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism leads to what to what belief system based on limited information about others
In Group
Out Group
Proposes that equal status contact between antagonistic groups should lower tensions and increase harmony
Contact Theory
Used by Social Psychologist to offer a solution to group conflicts
Contact Theory
Split 20 boys into 2 groups and allowed them to bond and engaged in competitive games
Two Contact Theory Studies
Two Contact Theory Studies created what goal
Superordinate
Shared goals that override differences among individuals
Superordinate
Integration of Mexican American students into Texas PS
Jigsaw Classroom
Sterotypes disappeared and self concept and performance impoves
Jigsaw Classroom
Framework that provides and understanding for how to strike balance between cooperation and competition
Prisoner’s Dilemma
Can be useful in strategic Decision-Making
Prisoner’s Dilemma
