Social Influence - Resisting Socal Influence Flashcards
Who established two types of resistance to social influence? When?
Rotter in 1966
What was Rotter’s concept of control called?
Locus of control
Locus of control
The responsibility that you take for your actions
What two types of control did Rotter establish?
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
Internal locus of control
The things that happen to you are controlled by yourself (you take responsibility)
Example of internal locus of control: exam
If you pass an exam then it’s because you worked hard and if you fail it’s because you didn’t work hard
External locus of control
The things that happen to you are out of your control (you don’t take responsibility)
Example of external locus of control: exam
If you do well in exam it’s due to your teacher being good and if you don’t do well it’s because you have a bad teacher
Personality traits of someone with high internal locus of control (4)
Independent
Self aware
Confident
Hard working
Obedience/conformity of someone with high internal locus of control
Low obedience/conformity
Why is obedience/conformity what it is for people with high internal locus of control?
It’s low because you take responsibility for your actions and will base their actions on their own beliefs
Personality traits of someone with high external locus of control (5)
Desire for recognition
Desire for direction
Struggle to make independent decisions
Less confident
Look to other for leadership
Obedience/conformity of someone with high external locus of control
High obedience/conformity
Why is obedience/conformity what it is for someone with high external locus of control?
Because you don’t want to take responsibility for your actions
Social support
The presence of people who resist pressure to conform/obey can help others do the same by acting as role models to show others that it is possible
How can pressure to conform/obey be reduced?
If there are other people present who aren’t conforming/obeying
What did Asch’s variation to his experiment show about social support?
The person not conforming doesn’t necessarily have to be right but just by not following the majority makes them role models
Who carried out research support for resistance to conformity in 1971?
Allen and Levine
What study did Allen and Levine replicate?
Asch’s line study
Dissenter
Non-conformer
When a dissenter was present in Allen and Levine’s study, what happened to conformity rates?
They decreased
When else did conformity decrease in Allen and Levine’s study?
Even when dissenter wore thick glasses and said they had difficulty with their vision
Conclusion of Allen and Levine’s research
Resistance enables someone to be free from pressure from the group
Who carried out research support for resistance to obedience in 1982?
Gamson et al
What did Gamson et al find support for?
Found support for the role of dissenting peers in resisting obedience
What study did Gamson et al replicate and how did they change it?
Replicated Milgram’s study but put participants into groups instead of individuals
What did Gamson et al tell participants to produce?
Told participants to produce evidence that would be useful to help an oil company run a smear campaign
Results of Gamson et al’s study
29/33 rebelled
Conclusion of Gamson et al’s study
Peer support is linked to resistance to social influence
