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Psychology > Biopsychology - 1) The Nervous System > Flashcards

Biopsychology - 1) The Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the nervous system?

A

A complex network of nerve cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal chord to different parts of the body

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2
Q

What does the nervous system help to do?

A

Coordinate different organs and cells in the body

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3
Q

How is the nervous system divided?

A

Into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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4
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A

The brain and spinal chord

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5
Q

What takes place in the CNS?

A

Complex processing of information and decision making

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6
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system do?

A
  1. Brings information from senses to the CNS.
  2. Then transmits information from CNS to muscles and glands
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7
Q

Why do we have more abilities than any other animal?

A

Because the cortex of our brain is more developed in humans

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8
Q

What is the brain the centre of?

A

Awareness

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9
Q

What is the brain divided into?

A

Two hemispheres

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10
Q

What is the spinal chord an extension of?

A

The brain

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11
Q

What does the spinal chord transport?

A

Messages to and from the brain to the PNS

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12
Q

What is the spinal chord responsible for?

A

Reflexes

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13
Q

What are the two main functions of the CNS?

A

Control of behaviour
Regulation of body’s physiological processes

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14
Q

Where does the brain receive information from?

A

Sensory receptors

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15
Q

Where does the brain send messages to?

A

Muscle glands in the body

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16
Q

Example of how the brain works

A
  1. It gets a message from your eyes to say the sun is bright
  2. It coordinates your arms and hands to put on sunglasses
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17
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

A

All other nerves which are not part of CNS

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18
Q

Where does the peripheral nervous system reach out to?

A

Other parts of the body all the way down to the tips of your toes as well as internal organs

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19
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system relay?

A

Information via nerve impulses from the rest of the body to the CNS

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20
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system further divided into?

A

Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

21
Q

What do peripheral nerves surround?

A

All the organs, muscles and tissues

22
Q

What do outside nerves do?

A

Receive messages from the brain and control the heartbeat, blood pressure, breathing and all of the bodily functions

23
Q

SNS

A

Somatic nervous system

24
Q

What does the somatic nervous system connect?

A

Connects external sensory organs through the brain to the muscles

25
Q

What does the somatic nervous system control?

A

Skeletal muscles and movement

26
Q

How is the somatic nervous system voluntary?

A

It’s under conscious control

27
Q

What does the somatic nervous system receive information from?

A

Senses and transits it to CNS

28
Q

What pathways does the somatic nervous system have?

A

Sensory and motor pathways

29
Q

ANS

A

Autonomic nervous system

30
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for?

A

Vital functions (e.g. heartbeat, breathing and digestion)

31
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system transmit information to and from?

A

Internal organs

32
Q

How is the autonomic nervous system involuntary?

A

It’s operated automatically

33
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

A

Smooth muscles and glands

34
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system generally form?

A

Supporting tissue of blood vessels and hollow internal organs

35
Q

Where are the controls of the autonomic nervous system?

A

In the brain stem

36
Q

What sections is the autonomic nervous system divided into?

A

Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous symptom

37
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system get us ready for?

A

Emergencies (involved in fight or flight response)

38
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system restore?

A

Natural order, relaxing us after an emergency

39
Q

What does the fight or flight response help us deal with?

A

Short term problems by fighting or fleeing

40
Q

What does the amygdala send to the hypothalamus during the fight or flight response?

A

Hypothalamus which recognises the stress is small so it activates the SAM

41
Q

What does the amygdala associate sensory signals with?

A

Emotions associated with fight or flight

42
Q

What are sensory signals?

A

What we see, hear or smell

43
Q

What puts us into the fight or flight response?

A

Release of adrenaline

44
Q

Where is adrenaline released from?

A

Adrenal medulla in stressful situations

45
Q

What does the release of adrenaline trigger?

A

Sympathetic activity

46
Q

What does sympathetic activity increase?

A

Heart rate which increases blood flow and blood pressure which increases blood to brain and skeletal muscles for physical response

47
Q

What physically happens during the release of adrenaline?

A

Digestion is stopped, saliva inhibited and pupils dilate

48
Q

What does adrenaline prepare body for?

A

Fight or flight

49
Q

What does adrenaline do once threat it over?

A

Adrenaline levels return to normal

Psychology (104 decks)

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