Sleep Chapter 42 Flashcards
What begins at 90 minutes after sleep as begun, duration increases with each sleep cycle, average about 20 minutes, assessed by REM, Fluctuating HR and RR, increase BP, loss of skeletal muscle tone, increased gastric secretions, very difficult to arouse, vivid full color dreaming.
REM sleep
what is necessary for brain tissue restoration and appears to be important for cognitive restoration.
REM sleep
What stage of sleep assists with memory storage and learning.
REM Sleep
What stage of sleep last 15 to 30 minutes, is the deepest stage asleep, a person that is sleep deprived spends most the night in this stage, vital signs significantly decrease than during waking hours, sleepwalking and enuresis occur, and is very difficult to arouse sleeper
Stage 4 nonrapid eye movement
What stage last 15 to 30 minutes, involves initial stages of deep sleep, muscles completely relaxed, vital signs decrease but remain regular, sleeper is difficult to arouse and rarely moves.
Stage III nonrapid eye movement
What stage last 10 to 20 minutes, period of sound sleep, relaxation progresses, body function continues to slow, and arousal remains relatively easy
Stage two nonrapid eye movement
What stage last a few minutes includes lightest level of sleep decreased activity begins with gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism, sensory stimuli noise easily arouse, awakened person feels as though daydreaming occurred
Stage one nonrapid eye movement
What is the most common form of sleep apnea, occurs when muscles structures of the oral cavity or throat relax during sleep.
Obstructive sleep apnea
What is the lack of air flow through the nose and mouth for periods of 10 seconds or longer
Sleep apnea
The feeling of being unable to move or talk just before waking or falling asleep
Sleep paralysis
Parasomnias are more common in what age group
Children
Sleepwalking, sleep tremors, nightmares, nocturnal enuresis, body rocking teeth grinding are examples of what sleep disorder.
Parasomnias
What does somnabulism mean
Sleepwalking.
What is bruxism
Teeth grinding
abnormally shallow and slow breathing caused by diminished nasal airflow creates what respiratory condition.
Hypopnea
what condition will the patient fall asleep uncontrollably at inappropriate times
Narcolepsy
REM sleep occurs within 15 minutes from this condition
Narcolepsy
What is an intervention that a narcoleptic patient should implement during the day to help with their condition.
Brief naps for 20 minutes
What is the condition called where a patient has sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions like anger sadness laughter and occurs at any time during the day. If the attack is severe patient loses voluntary muscle control and falls to the floor.
Cataplexy
This is when people are in a state of mental physical and spiritual activity that leaves them refreshed and ready to resume the day. This could mean reading a book for the patient or just simply sitting down relaxing
Rest
This age group need up to 16 hours of asleep consistently during the first week, their sleep cycle generally is 40 to 50 minutes with wakening after 1 to 2 sleep cycles, and 50% of sleep is REM sleep
Neonates up to three months
This age group normally takes several naps, usually sleeps 10 take hours during the night, total sleep time of 13 hours and 30% of sleep is an REM
Infants to three months
This age group takes daily naps sleeps through the night, sleeps a total of 12 hours after, three years gives up naps. Percentage of RAM sleep continues to fall. They may be unwilling to go to bed because they need autonomy or have fear of separation from the parents
Toddlers up to two years
Women experiencing menopausal symptoms often experience what sleep disorder
Insomnia
REM sleep tends to shorten this age group, progressive decrease in stage three and four non-REM sleep, this age groups sensory impairment reduces sensitivity to time cues that maintain circadian rhythms
Older adults
Substances such as L-tryptophan can be found in what types of foods to help promote sleep
Milk, cheese, meats, natural protein (turkey)
Sleep is a what experience and only the patient is able to report whether or not it is sufficient and restful
Subjective
What are the class of medications that induce sleep
Hypnotics
What class of medications that produce a calming and soothing effect
Sedatives
This cycle influences and regulates physiological function and have responses
Sleep wake cycle
24 hour day night cycle known as diurnal. The changing of body temperature heart rate blood pressure Hormone secretion sensory acuity and mood depend on the maintenance of this
Circadian rhythm
All persons have a what that synchronizes their sleep cycle
Biological clock
What test measures electrical activity in the cerebral cortex
EEG. Electroencephalogram
What test measures muscle tone
EMG. Electro myogram
This test measures Eye movements and provides information about some structural physiological aspects of sleep
EOG. Electro-oculogram
What is the major sleep center in the body
The hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus secrete that promotes wakefulness and rapid eye movement sleep
Hypocreatines
Prostaglandin, tryptophan, and growth factors control what
Sleep
This is located in the upper brainstem and they contain special cells that maintain alertness and wakefulness. It also receives visual auditory pain and tactile stimuli
RAS. Reticular activating system
75 to 80% of sleep is spent during this stage.
Nonrapid eye movement
This sleep is necessary for brain tissue restoration. it assists with memory and storage. Loss of the sleep leads to confusion and suspicion
REM sleep
