female reproductive system

Question 0

Puerperium

Answer 0

Time after childbirth that lasts approximately 6 weeks, during which the anatomical and physiological changes brought about by pregnancy resolve.

Question 1

Gestation

Answer 1

Length of time from conception to birth. The human gestational period typically extends approximately 280 days from the last menstrual period. Gestation (pregnancy) of less than 36 weeks is regarded as prematureZ

Question 2

Anteflexion

Answer 2

The uterus is normally “bent forward”.

Question 3

Episiotomy

Answer 3

an incision into the perineum and vagina to allow sufficient clearance for birth.

Question 4

Menarche

Answer 4

the first menstrual period; the establishment of menstruation. Occurs at puberty( about age 12) and continues approximately 40 years, except during pregnancy.

Question 5

Parturition

Answer 5

Childbirth

Question 6

Amenorrhea

Answer 6

absence of the menses(period).

Question 7

Climacteric

Answer 7

a period of decrease of reproductive capacity in men and women, culminating, in women, in the menopause.

Question 8

Vaginal atrophy

Answer 8

Vaginal drying and thinning. Experienced when estrogen levels fall.

Question 9

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 9

Menstrual pain and tension that may be the result of uterine contractions, pathological growths, or such chronic disorders as anemia, fatigue, diabetes, and tuberculosis.

Question 10

Metrorrhagia

Answer 10

Irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual periods or after menopause is usually symptomatic of disease, including benign or malignant uterine tumors.

Question 11

Amni/o

Answer 11

Amnion(amniotic fluid)

Question 12

Colp/o

Answer 12

Neck; cervix urteri(neck of uterus)
Ex. Colposcopy- visual examination of the vagina.
Vaginocele- vaginal hernia; also called colpocele.

Question 13

Galact/o

Lact/o

Answer 13

Milk
Ex. Galactopoiesis- production of milk.
Lactogen- forming or producing milk. Lactogen refers to any substance that stimulates milk production, such as a hormone.

Question 14

Gynec/o

Answer 14

Woman, female

Question 15

Hyster/o

Answer 15

Uterus(womb)

Question 16

Metri/o

Answer 16

Ex. Endometrial- pertaining to the lining of the uterus

Question 17

Mast/o

Answer 17

Breast

Ex.Mastopexy- fixation of the breast(s). Performed to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position.

Question 18

Men/o

Answer 18

Menses,menstruation

Ex.menorrhagia- excessive amount of menstrual flow over a longer duration than normal. Bursting forth of the menses

Question 19

Nat/o

Answer 19

Birth

Question 20

Oophor/o

Answer 20

Ovary

Ex. Oophoroma(o-for-ro-ma)- ovarian tumor.

Question 21

Salping/o

Answer 21

Tube(usually fallopian or eustachian tubes)

Ex. Salpingoplasty(sal-ping-go-plas-te)- surgical repair of a fallopian tube.

Question 22

-arche

Answer 22

Beginning

Ex. Menarche- beginning of menstruation.

Question 23

-cyesis

Answer 23

Pregnancy
Ex. Pseudocyesis- false pregnancy. Is a condition in which a woman develops bodily changes consistent with pregnancy when she is not pregnant.

Question 24

-gravida

Answer 24

Pregnant woman

Ex. Multigravida- woman who has been pregnant more than once.

Question 25

-salpinx

Answer 25

Tube(usually Fallopian or eustachian tubes)
Ex. Hemosalphinx(hemo-sal-pinks): blood in a Fallopian ; also called hematosalphinx. It’s commonly associated with a tubal pregnancy.

Question 26

-para

Answer 26

To bear(offspring)
Ex. Nullipara(nul-IP-a-ra)- woman who has never produced a viable offspring.

Question 27

-tocia

Answer 27

Childbirth, labor

Ex. Dystocia- difficult childbirth.

Question 28

-version

Answer 28

Turning
Ex. Retroversion-tipping or turning back(of an organ). Retroversion if the uterus occurs in one if every four otherwise healthy women.

Question 29

Coitus

Answer 29

sexual intercourse, especially between a man and a woman.

Question 30

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Answer 30

a complex of physical and emotional changes, including depression, irritability, appetite changes, bloating and water retention, breast soreness, and changes in muscular coordination, one or more of which may be experienced in the several days before the onset of menstrual flow.

Question 31

Endometriosis

Answer 31

Is the presence of functional endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus. It develops into what are called implants, lesions, or growths can cause pain, infertility, and other problems.

Question 32

Pelvic inflammatory disease(PID)

Answer 32

an inflammation of the female pelvic organs, most commonly the fallopian tubes, usually as a result of bacterial infection.

Question 33

Candidiasis

Answer 33

Also called moniliasis, is caused by candida albicans, a yeast that is present as part of the normal flora of the vagina. Steroid therapy, diabetes, or pregnancy may cause a change in vaginal environment that disrupts the normal flora and promotes the overgrowth of this organism, resulting Ina yeast(fungal) infection.

Question 34

Mycostatics

Answer 34

Antifungal agents.

Question 35

Sexually transmitted disease(STD)

Answer 35

Aka venereal disease, is any of several contagious diseases acquired by sexual activity with an infected partner.

Question 36

Oophoritis

Answer 36

Inflammation of the ovaries.

Question 37

Chancre

Answer 37

the initial lesion of syphilis and certain other infectious diseases, commonly a more or less distinct ulcer or sore with a hard base.

Question 38

Genital warts(condylomas)

Answer 38

Are caused my human papillomavirus(HPV). It’s found to increase the risk of certain cancers, including penile, vaginal, cervical, and anal cancer.

Question 39

Fibroids

Answer 39

Benign uterine tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue and About 30-40% of woman develop these benign tumors(also called leiomyomas or more commonly, myomas). These benign tumors develop slowly between the ages 25 and 40 and commonly enlarge in response to fluctuating endocrine stimulation after this period.

Question 40

Adnexa(ad-NEK-sa)

Answer 40

Accessory parts of a structure

Ex. Adnexa uteri are the ovaries and Fallopian tubes.

Question 41

Atresia(a-TRE-ze-uh)

Answer 41

Congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina.

Question 42

Choriocarcinoma(ko-re-o-kar-si-no-ma)

Answer 42

Malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy. Although it’s idiopathic, choriocarcinoma is a rare tumor that may occur after pregnancy or abortion.

Question 43

Corpus luteum

Answer 43

Ovarian scar tissue that results from rupturing of a follicle during ovulation and becomes a small yellow body that produces progesterone after ovulation

Question 44

Dyapareunia(dis-pa-ru-ne-a)

Answer 44

Occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse.

Question 45

Oligomenorrhea

Answer 45

Scanty or infrequent menstrual flow.

Question 46

Perineum

Answer 46

Region between the vulva and anus that constitutes the pelvic floor.

Question 47

Pyosalpinx

Answer 47

Pus in the Fallopian tube

Question 48

Sterility

Answer 48

Inability of the female to become pregnant or the male to impregnate the female.

Question 49

Vaginimus

Answer 49

Painful spasm of the vagina from contraction of its surrounding muscles.

Question 50

Viable

Answer 50

Capable of sustaining life, denotes a fetus sufficiently developed to live outside the uterus. A viable infant is one who at birth weighs at least 500 g or is 24 weeks or more of gestational.

Question 51

Abruptio placentae(a-BRUP-she-o pla-SEN-te)

Answer 51

Premature separation of a normally situated placenta

Question 52

Breech presentation

Answer 52

Common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttocks or feet present first rather than the head.

Question 53

Down syndrome, trisomy 21

Answer 53

Congenital condition characterized by physical malformations and some degree of mental retardation. Trisomy 21 is the occurrence of three copies of chromosome 21 rather than 2 copies and occurs in about 1 of 700 live births.

Question 54

Eclampsia

Answer 54

Most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy. Signs of eclampsia include HTN, edema, convulsions, renal dysfunction, proteinuria, and, in severe cases, coma.

Question 55

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 55

Pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterine cavity but becomes implanted on any tissue other than the lining of the uterine cavity, such as a Fallopian tube, an ovary, the abdomen, or even the cervix uteri.

Question 56

Papanicolaou (pap) test (pa-pa-NI-ko-la-oo)

Answer 56

Cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained during routine pelvic examination. It’s commonly used to screen for and diagnose cervical cancer. It may also be used to evaluate cells from any organ, such as the pleura and Peritoneum, to detect changes that indicate malignancy.