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CNS > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

what is sleep

A

state of unconcsciousness form which an induval can be aroused by normal stimuli such as light, tough, sound etc.

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1
Q

what is coma

A

state of unconsciousness from which an indivual cannot be around and does not respond to stimuli

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2
Q

what is the mssing sleep effect

A

impaired cognative fuciton
impairment of physical performance
sluggishness
irritability

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3
Q

what does sleep support

A

nueroplasity - how easily we learn
learning and memory
cognition
clearance of waste products from the cns
conservation of whole body energy, (apart from in cns where it increase)
immune fucntion

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4
Q

where does sleep active initaion process originate from

A

pons

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5
Q

what part of the brain stem is associated with concious

A

reticula formation

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6
Q

where does the reticular formation send information to

A

thalamus and hgierh corital sentors

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7
Q

what are the name of centor that balance being awake and asleep

A

arousal and sleep centers

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8
Q

what molecules are contributory to sleep

A

delta - sleep inducign peptides
adenosine
melatoin
serotin

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9
Q

what part of the hypothalmus is involved in sleep

A

suprachiasmic nuclei (scn)

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10
Q

where is melatoin relased from

A

pineal gland

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11
Q

what does hte scn cuase to be rlaed

A

melatonin

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12
Q

what type of rymum does scn control

A

24 hr cicadian rhythm

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13
Q

effect of darkness on melaton

A

removes inhibiton of its relases so levels rise

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14
Q

what is orexin

A

an exitory neurotranmitor needed for wakefullness

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15
Q

when are orexin neruon active

A

during wake state and stop firing during sleep

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16
Q

what is the effect of defective orexin singalling

A

narcoplepsy

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17
Q

what is serotin link to melatoin

A

it is a precurses to melatoin , thus increas ammount of it increase ammout of melatoin

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18
Q

what are ssi

A

`serotoinin selective reuptake inhirots, these treat depression by increase amount of serotion avialbel

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19
Q

what is a higher frequcy assoicated iwth in brain wave

A

the higher the frequcy the more awake is a person is

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20
Q

what is an exptremy high freqyc of nuroam wagv

A

seizure

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21
Q

what is a very low frequcy asoicen with in brainwwv

A

anaetheisa

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22
Q

what is the 4 typs of wave patterns in sleep

A

alpha, beta, theta, delta

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23
Q

what is alpha assoicaed with

A

relaxed awake state,

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24
Q

what is the type of wave like in alpha

A

high frequency medium ampplitude

25
Q

what is the type of awakenes in beta

A

aleet awake state,

26
Q

what type of waves is associated with beat

A

very high frequency and low amplitude

27
Q

what is theta associated with

A

early sleep, low frequency waves which can vary enormously in amplitude

28
Q

what is delta associated with

A

deep sleep,

29
Q

what type of waves seen in delta

A

low freqyc but hgih amplitude

30
Q

how does eeg chagne with eyes shut

A

when eyes close, freqyc redues but amplidue increase

31
Q

why is the amplitude in a high latern state lower than a relxte state

A

as there is ltos of things going on ni a high alter state, cerin waveleng cancer out other one, making itlook like it is lower freqeucny

32
Q

what is stage 1 of the sleep cycle

A

slow wav,non reme lseep, veyr slow eye moements, easlty arrouse,
low freequeyc theta waves - with high amplitude

33
Q

what is stage 2 sleep cycle

A

no eye movements
frequncy slows more htan 1
sleep spindles present, of rapid wave births

34
Q

what is stage 3 on a sleep cyle

A

high amplide , very slow delta waves with short epieso of faster waves, less spinal fiber activity

35
Q

what is stadge 4 on a slee cyle

A

only delta waves

36
Q

what stages are deep sleep

A

3 and 4

37
Q

can you go back to stage 1

A

no , only 2,3,4 and rem in sleep, as 1 is only present when falling alsep for first time

38
Q

what is rem

A

rapid eye movemen, wher there is low amplie , high frequency

39
Q

when does deep sleep normally occur

A

first horus of sleep

40
Q

what happens in hippocampus in deep sleep

A

it is very active, this is associae with creation of new memories

41
Q

how long does rem las

A

5 - 30 min every 90 minetes

42
Q

when do drems most commonly occur

A

in rem sleep

43
Q

subnificatin of rem sleep

A

new nerual connection are being made, leaing to dreams

44
Q

why does only eye moemnet occur in rem and not other mules

A

pons inhibtos other mules, ot prevent acting out in drems

45
Q

what type of pathway re in the reticualr formation for rem sleep

A

cholinergic pathways

46
Q

what is the benfit of anticholinesteras

A

increase time in rem

47
Q

what does rem sleep look llike on an eeg

A

beta waves

48
Q

what happesn to sleep hours as you get older

A

reduce, due ot other comorides

49
Q

what hapesn to the rem and n rem sleep as you age

A

gneerally reude over time

50
Q

what are the types of insomia

A

chornic (primary) and temproy (secondary)

51
Q

what is chroic inomia

A

priary insomia - no identifly able cause

52
Q

what is temporatlry insopia

A

due to pain, berevaerment or cireis

53
Q

when do night mares occur

A

rem sleep

54
Q

when do night terrors occur

A

delta sleep

55
Q

can you rmemebr night terrors

A

no

56
Q

name for sleep walking

A

somnambulism

57
Q

when does somnambulim occur

A

non rem sleep, normally stage 4

58
Q

narcopley

A

entering into rem sleep with little warning

59
Q
A

CNS (36 decks)

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