Intracranial tumours pathology

Question 1

what are the main signs of a increase in pressure

Answer 1

pupillary dilation - cn 3
falling gcs - due to sqauee on cortex and birina stem
brain stem depaht 00- if brain goes down foramen magnum

Question 2

types of glial cells tumours

Answer 2

glioblastoma
astrocytoma
oligodendroglima
ependryoma

Question 3

types of embryonic nerual cells tumours

Answer 3

medulloblasoatma

Question 4

type of arachnodial cell tumours

Answer 4

meningioma

Question 5

type of nerve sheath cells

Answer 5

schwannoma, neurofibroma

Question 6

type of pitutirary glands tumoiurs

Answer 6

adenoma

Question 7

type of lymphoid cell tumour

Answer 7

lymphoma

Question 8

type of cappilary tumour

Answer 8

haemangioblastoma

Question 9

main type of mestatic malignacy,

Answer 9

breast, lung, kidney, colon, melanoma

Question 10

what type of cells are malignatn

Answer 10

glilan and memuloobalsomas

Question 11

do glimas leaves cns

Answer 11

no

Question 12

what do gliomas look like

Answer 12

diffuse edges that are not encapsulated

Question 13

what glimomas have idh mutation

Answer 13

astrocytoma, oligodenrogllioma

Question 14

what type of glioma have a idh wildtype mutation

Answer 14

glioblastoma

Question 15

where is astrocytoma mainly found

Answer 15

suprtenorial and fronatl lobes

Question 16

what are the effects of astrocyoma

Answer 16

seizures or change in personality

Question 17

acth

Answer 17

cushing

Question 18

what main stucure secres adh, and gorew factor orme

Answer 18

pituatory gland

Question 19

what is the grade for a benign tumour

Answer 19

grade 1

Question 20

what is characters of a grade 2 tumor

Answer 20

diffuse inlfatrative
idh 1/ idh2 mutation
well differentiation , lacks anaplasi
mitoic activity low
no microvascular proliferation, necrosis, homozygous deletion of cdkn2a or cdkn2b

Question 21

what are the differences in grade 3 compared to grade 2

Answer 21

same as grade 2 but has incrased mitotic activity
focal anaplasia

Question 22

what is seen in grade 4

Answer 22

microvasualr prolficer, necoris or delation of cdkn2a/b gene

Question 23

what grade is glioblastoma

Answer 23

grade 4

Question 24

what type of celld oes medulloblastoma derive from

Answer 24

primitive neuroectoderm cells

Question 25

where is primaritive neruoectoderm cells from

Answer 25

postiero fossa

Question 26

what are the features of classic medulloblatoma

Answer 26

round and blue cell tumour
poorly differatnied, hypercelluar
mitoic figures and apoptosis (cell death)

Question 27

what age and gender does meningioma maily effect

Answer 27

femalse over 65

Question 28

secondary effect of melingioma

Answer 28

raised intracial pressure

Question 29

cause of meninglima

Answer 29

radiaton

Question 30

how fast does melingioam grow

Answer 30

slowly

Question 31

where is meligo attached to

Answer 31

meningies

Question 32

are pituitary adenoam benign or malignat

Answer 32

benign

Question 33

effect of overgowt of pituarl adenoma

Answer 33

optic chaism porbles

Question 34

what does somatotroph cause

Answer 34

acromeagly and growth hormone

Question 35

what does lactotroph causes

Answer 35

prolactin - milk
hyperprolaciaton

Question 36

what does mamosomatotrph cuase

Answer 36

gh adn prl

Question 37

what does corticotroph cause

Answer 37

acth and cushing

Question 38

what does gonadotrhy cuase

Answer 38

fsh and lh - sexual fucniton
hypogondalism - muscle development

Question 39

type sof nerve seah tumoru

Answer 39

schawnoma

Question 40

is schwannoma beingig or mallatn

Answer 40

benifn

Question 41

main prestn of schaanoma

Answer 41

acousitc neruoma - betwene ponas nd cerbal
unilatarl dathnes
bilatalr