Motor control 3

Question 1

are motor neurosn origianate from one area or multipart areas in area 4

Answer 1

mulpiapre area and conetra on wher the singal is stonger

Question 2

benifits of mtor nurso comeing form mulitple area

Answer 2

if one nueron dies not the entire function is lost

Question 3

where does the feed-forward come from before moving

Answer 3

reticular formation nuclei

Question 4

what msules contats first bfore movemet is insicated

Answer 4

gastrocnmius msule in leg, for stability

Question 5

feedforward

Answer 5

movement that happen before action happesn, in anticipation

Question 6

where does the motr imput form area 6 come from

Answer 6

the ventral lateral nucleus in dorsal thalamus

Question 7

what are the basal gangioal targets of

Answer 7

frontal , prefraontl and partial cortex

Question 8

function of basla gangl

Answer 8

connect cortex to sma

Question 9

what are the part so fbasal gangio

Answer 9

corpus striatu whihc has nuclie in cudate and putamen

Question 10

funcito of caudate and putatme

Answer 10

imput zone of basal gangiion

Question 11

what does hte corpus striatusm recive imput form

Answer 11

corticostriatal pathway

Question 12

how do putamen and cuadre reveice impute

Answer 12

though medium spinry neron on surface

Question 13

how many spinary neruon is on each corical axion

Answer 13

1000s

Question 14

fucntion of bsala galnsa

Answer 14

inhibtoar, gabaertic,

Question 15

where do axons of bsall galgli project to if gabaeric

Answer 15

globus pallidus and substanica nigra pars reticulata

Question 16

funciton of putamen fibers

Answer 16

fire before limb and trunk movement

Question 17

fucntion of caudate fibers

Answer 17

fire before eeye movement

Question 18

is cortex to putament exitoary or inhibtory

Answer 18

exitary

Question 19

is putamen to globus pallidus exitory or inhibtor

Answer 19

inhibtory

Question 20

is globus pallidus to vlo neurons exitory or inhibitory

Answer 20

inhibitory

Question 21

is vlo to sma exitatory or inhiboray

Answer 21

exitatory

Question 22

effects of gating in baslal ganglia

Answer 22

lead ot exitemet of upper nero, due to compelx pathwya

Question 23

what is the direct pathway though basal ganglia

Answer 23

it acgives intnetd motor progams

Question 24

what is the indierect pahtwy route in basal ganglia cells

Answer 24

though subthalmic nuclie, in smae roune of globus palliu, interal gsena dn va/ vl

Question 25

roule of indierct pathway

Answer 25

suppresion of competing motor programs

Question 26

what happens with thalalmus due to balsal gnaglia

Answer 26

it is inhibiited

Question 27

what are the characterisics of parkinsosn

Answer 27

hypokinesia - this includes - dificulty moving espiceclly voluntary movements, increased muscle tone, tremor of the hand and jaw

Question 28

caues of parkinsons

Answer 28

degeneration of the nurons in teh the substantial nigra

Question 29

effect of dopamine

Answer 29

enchavces coricla inputs though the direct pathway and suppresses inputs though indirect pathway

Question 30

what is huntintons disease associated with

Answer 30

hyperkinseaia, meaing dementia an dperosialiyt disoerders
chorea - spontaneous , uncontrolled rpaid flicks nd movnetens with no purpose

Question 31

cause of huntingisn

Answer 31

loss of cudaet, putamen and globus pallidus on basla cell ganglia

Question 32

effect of the lesion in cerebellum

Answer 32

ataxia - uncoordinated inaccurate movement

Question 33

how does cerebrum connect to cortex

Answer 33

verntorlateral thalamsu

Question 34

effect of brain machien interfgace

Answer 34

attahces brain to a machine to with voultairy control of prospehic limbsm and provide sensory feedback

Question 35

brain to brain feedback

Answer 35

uses brain signals from one animal to another animal to teach it a skill that it has never learnt before