Coma

Question 1

coma

Answer 1

state of unrousable pyscholosgical response, where subjects have eye closed and show no psychologically undersatble response

Question 2

what is the need to be intact for arousal

Answer 2

reticular activating system

Question 3

what is needed to be intact for awareness

Answer 3

cerbral hemispheres

Question 4

what would be seen if you had reticular activating system but no cerebal hemispheres activign

Answer 4

vegative state

Question 5

what are the cuases of reduced gcs

Answer 5

seizure, damage to the reticualr activating system, intracranial pressure rises - tumours, strokes, edh sdh, sah, hydrocephalus

Question 6

causes of toxic/ metabolic causes of rised gcs

Answer 6

hypoxia, hypercapnia, sepsis, hypotension
durg intoxication/ renal failure
hypoglycameia, ketoacidosis

Question 7

what is locked in syndome

Answer 7

whre the paiten is paraeled belwo the levle of the 3rd neve nucleia

Question 8

diagnsois of locked in syndoem

Answer 8

recongi the paitne cna open theyre eyes voluntarily and signal numerically by eye clousre

Question 9

what monitoring is needed for coma

Answer 9

temp
heart rate, bp, cvs
resp
skin, abdomen
meningitis, fundal examiniation

Question 10

what are the neurologial assesments for strokes

Answer 10

gcs
brain stem function
motor fucntion and reflexes

Question 11

what are the classes for eye opening in gcs

Answer 11

spontaneous - 4
to speech - 3
to pain - 2
none - 1

Question 12

what are the best verbal response to gcs scores

Answer 12

orianted - 5
confused - 4
inappropiate words - 3
incomprehensible sounds -2
none - 1

Question 13

what are teh gcs motor scores

Answer 13

obeying commands - 6
localising pain - 5
withdrawal from pain - 4
flexing to pain - 3
extending to pain - 2
none - 1

Question 14

what is the gcs of a coma paitent

Answer 14

8 or less

Question 15

what are the componatn that make up coma score for gcs

Answer 15

2 - or less for eye
2 - or less for verbal
4 - or less for motor

Question 16

how to test 2 and 3 nreves

Answer 16

pupillary recation

Question 17

how tot tests v and vI nerves

Answer 17

corneal responses

Question 18

how to test 3, 4 and 6 nerves

Answer 18

spontaneous eye movements

Question 19

how to test 3, 4, 6 and 8

Answer 19

oculocephalatic resonse
oculoveisbular responce

Question 20

what are the causes of coma without focal sings or meningism

Answer 20

anoxic
metabolic distubance
intoxications
systemic infections
hyperthermia
hypothermia
epilepsy

Question 21

investigations for coma without focal sings of menignism

Answer 21

toxicology screen for alchol level, mesure bm and electolies
asses hepatic and renal function
acid - blood gases
bp
consider co poising

Question 22

cause of a coma wihtou focal signs but menigism

Answer 22

subararchnoid haemoorage
meningitis
encephaltiis

Question 23

investigations for coma withough focal signs but menigism

Answer 23

ct head
lumbar pucnutre

Question 24

cuases of coma with focal brain stme signs

Answer 24

cerbral tumour, cerebaral haemmorage, cerbral infration, cerbral abcess

Question 25

investigations for coma with focal brain stme signs

Answer 25

ct/ mri
metabolic screen
lumbar pucnre
eeg

Question 26

main cuase of coma that last more than 5 hours

Answer 26

durgs
hypoxia - due to mi
stroke
metabolic events

Question 27

most importa clicnal sign for outcome of tumour

Answer 27

brian stem reflexes

Question 28

what pecent of paitne in a non truamtaic coma will make a good recovery

Answer 28

15%

Question 29

what kind of provaltic treit is done for comas

Answer 29

dvt, peptic ulcerationtin

Question 30

how does a subdural ehamoa look on ct

Answer 30

convex, banna in shape

Question 31

how does a head extra dural look on cv

Answer 31

convex or conave in shepae

Question 32

what gcs is intubaation requreid

Answer 32

8 or less

Question 33

what osmotic agens can relive icp

Answer 33

mannitol