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VMS 2003 > Skin Pathology 2 > Flashcards

Skin Pathology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of dermatitis?

A

Inflammation of the dermis

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2
Q

How does dermatitis occur?

A

leukocytes migrate from the superficial dermis vessels into the epidermis, they can the expand and aggregate to form typical patterns

they are attracted by antigens/ inflammatory mediators

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3
Q

What is perivascular dermatitis?

A

A predominant inflammatory raection that surrounds superficial and/ or deep dermal vessels

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4
Q

What does lymphocytic exocytosis suggest?

A
  • Atopic dermatitis
  • Malassezia infection
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5
Q

What does eosinophillic dermatitis suggest?

A
  • allergic dermatitis
  • Mange
  • eosinophillic plaque
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6
Q

What does neutrophillic dermatitis suggest?

A

A superficial bacterial infection

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7
Q

What is the definition of atopic dermatitis?

A

A multifactorial, chronic and relapsing pruritic allergic skin disease to environmental allergens

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8
Q

What causes atopic dermatitis?

A

It is usually hereditary
Predisposed to an IgE mediated allergic reaction

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9
Q

What is Malassezia dermatitis?

A

(extremely common in dogs)
causes skin folds

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10
Q

What is allergic dermatitis also known as?

A

Flea allergy

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11
Q

What causes allergic dermatitis?

A

It is caused by a hypersensitivity to allergens in tyhe saliva of fleas

usually found in the rump, medial aspect of the thighs and collar

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12
Q

What is the definiton of sarcoptic mange?

A

extremely pruritic dermatitis due to the burrowing of mites in the epidermis and allergic reaction to mite products

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13
Q

What is the name of the mite that causes sarcoptic mange?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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14
Q

What is the definition of feline eosinophillic plaque?

A

Pruritic cutaneous reaction pattern to a variety of stimuli

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15
Q

What pathogen causes superficial bacterial pyoderma?

A

Staphylococcus intermedius

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16
Q

What pathogen causes greasy pig disease?

A

Staphylococcus hycius

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17
Q

what is lichenoid?

A

a band like infiltrate of inflammatory cells

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18
Q

what is interface dermatitis?

A

any cell injury that is at the epidermal-dermal junction

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19
Q

what is lupus erythematosus?

A

generation of autoreactive antinulear antibodies which are associated with the genetic predisposition of the animal

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20
Q

what are the two types of lupus erythomatous?

A
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus – associated with
    polyarthritis, anaemia, glomerulonephritis…
  • Discoid (cutaneous) lupus erythematosus – nasal planum
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21
Q

What is Erythema multiforme?

A

a skin disorder thats considered to be an adverse reaction to a medicine or an infection

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22
Q

What is vasculitis?

A

an inflammatory reaction directed against blood vessels

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23
Q

Describe the three different types of vasculitis

A
  1. Neutrophilic: typically bacterial (septic), cutaneous and renal
    glomerular vasculopathy of Greyhounds
  2. Lymphocytic: vaccine-induced vasculitis, drug reaction
  3. Eosinophilic: parasitic and allergic dermatitis
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24
Q

What is septic vasculitis?

A

a variant of cutaneous vasculitis associated with severe bacterial infections

25
Q

What is nodular dermatitis?

A

where inflammtory cells form discrete nodules

26
Q

What are the five different types of nodular and diffuse dermatitis?

A
  • Neutrophilic: usually bacterial origin (cutaneous abscess)
  • Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous: mycobacteria, leishmaniasis, foreign body reactions, actinomycosis and nocardiosis, fungal and algal (Prototheca spp.) infection.
  • Eosinophilic: parasitic (Habronema spp., Dirofilaria spp.), eosinophilic granuloma complex
  • Neoplastic: histiocytic disorders, mast cell tumours, lymphoma
26
Q

What is diffuse dermatitis?

A

involves ‘sheet-like’ infiltrates

27
Q

What is actinomycosis?

A

Lumps on the body caused by a bacterial infection

28
Q

What is the name of the bacteria that causes actinmycosis?

A

Actinomyces bovis

29
Q

What are the three different types of mycobacterioses?

A
  • Tuberculosis
  • Non-tuberculous
  • Leprosy group
30
Q

What is pemphigus folicaeous?

A

an autoimmune condition that causes blisters and sores to form on the skin
usually found on the face

31
Q

What is pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Fragile vesicles or bullae

32
Q

What is bullous pemphigoid

A

an itchy raised rash

33
Q

What is perifolliculitis?

A

an accumulation of inflammatory cells around a hair follicle without any involvement of the follicular wall

34
Q

What is mural folliculitis?

A

: inflammation targets the wall of the follicle and the follicular lumen (outside in).

35
Q

What is luminal follciulitis?

A

accumulation of inflammatory cells within the lumen of the follicle (inside out).

36
Q

What is demodicosis?

A

inflammation of the hair follicles in the skin

37
Q

What is dermatophytosis?

A

Circular patches of alopecia/ stubbled hairs

38
Q

What is furunculosis?

A

rupture of hair follicles due to inflammatory damage, commonly occurs as a result of luminal folliculitis

39
Q

What is bulbitis?

A

infiltration targeting the inferior portion of the hair follicle.
e.g Alopecia areata

40
Q

What is atrophic dermatosis?

A

Atrophic changes involving the hair follicles and adnexal structures and variably the epidermis and dermis.

41
Q

What is an endocrine dermatopathy?

A

bilaterally symmetric alopecia
common hyperpigmentation and scaliness
but non-pruritic so no-itching

42
Q

When would a dysplastic change occur?

A

It is associated with the formation of the hair shaft and terefore occurs during anagen

43
Q

What is panniculitis and what are the three different types

A

Panniculitis is the inflammation of the subcutis
* Lobular panniculitis in which the lobules of fatty tissue are primarily affected.
* Septal panniculitis in which the interlobular connective tissue is mainly involved
* Diffuse panniculitis in which both anatomic areas are affected

44
Q

Name 5 causes of dermatitis

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Virus
  3. Parasites
  4. Autoimmune
  5. Allergic
45
Q

What species are most predetermined to getting atopic dermatitis?

A

Dogs between the age of 1-3, also cats and horses

46
Q

What is the localisation of atopic dermatitis?

A

face, ears, feet, axilla and groin

47
Q

Where is sarcoptic mange usually localised to?

A

Edges of pinnae, elbows, hocks, and the ventral abdomen

48
Q

What is Cell-Poor Interface dermatitis?

A

few inflammatory cells, main lesion is due to the basal cell damage

49
Q

What is Cell-Rich Interface dermatitis?

A

band-like mononuclear infiltration obscuring the dermal-epidermal junction

50
Q

What is the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus?

A

Generation of auto-reactive anti-nuclear antibodies associated with a genetic predisposition

51
Q

What causes leishmaniosis?

A

Leishmania Infantum

52
Q

What causes pemphigus foliaceous?

A

Antibodies (anti-desmocollin 1)

53
Q

What does pemphigus foliaceous look like grossly?

A

thick crusts with scaling

54
Q

What causes pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Antibodies, e.g anti-desmoglein 3

55
Q

What causes bullous pemphigoid?

A

anti BP antigen 2

56
Q

What is perifolliculitis?

A

accumulation of inflammatory cells around a hair follicle witout involvement of the follicular wall

57
Q

What is demodicosis linked to?

A

Linked to immunosupression

58
Q

What is colour dilution alopecia?

A

Defect in the formation of a hair shaft and thus occurs during anagen

VMS 2003 (33 decks)

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