Clostridia species associated with the GIT Flashcards
How many species does the genus clostridium contain?
203 species
What are 6 common species of clostridium?
Perfringens, Tetani, Botulinum, Difficile, Novyi, Sordellii
What kind of bacteria is clostridia?
- Gram positive, capsulated, anerobic, endospore producing rods
How may you culture clostridium using blood agar?
incubate anaerobically at 35-37 degrees for 40-48 hours
How may you culture clostridium using egg yolk agar?
incubate anaerobically at 35-37 degrees for 16-24 hours
How can you grow clostridium in cooked meat broth?
incubate anerobically at 35-37 degrees for 16-24 hours
What does c. chauveoi cause?
Black leg, in mainly cattle
What is braxy?
Acute disease of sheep caused by C. septicum and characterised by
inflammation of the abomasal wall and toxaemia.
What is considered to be one of the highest causes of sudden death in sheep and cattle?
Clostridial diseases
What does c.septicum cause?
braxy, malignant oedema and necrotic dermatitis
What can clostridium cause in wildlife?
Botulism, entertoxaemias, and sudden death
What is enterotoxaemia and what causes it?
acute and highly fatal intoxication primarily affecting sheep, lambs, calves, piglets
The disease is caused by the ingestion of C.perfringens and the subsequent production of enterotoxins
What is the alpha toxin in enterotoxaemia?
Lecthinase, this attacks cell membranes causing cell death and destruction
What is the epsilon toxin in entertoxaemia?
A protoxin that is activated in the intestines by proteases, this toxin increases gut permeability and damages vascular endothelium
What clostridium causes tetanus in horses?
Clostridium tetani
What clostridum species are associated with disease in pigs?
- Enteritis is caused by C. perfringens
- Sudden death can be caused by C. novyi (considered when sow mortality rises above 4%)
What does a clostridial disease look like in sows?
Sudden death, gangrene characterised by painful and discoloured swellings.
fluid and gas are also present in the tissues