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VMS 2003 > Salmonelliosis > Flashcards

Salmonelliosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is salmonella (features) ?

A
  • Gram negative rod shaped faculative anerobic bacterium
  • Motile species
  • Zoonotic
  • Causes disease in humans and livestock
    *
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2
Q

What are the two species of salmonella?

A
  • S.enterica
  • S.bongori
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3
Q

How many subspecies is S.enterica divided into?

A

Six

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4
Q

What do the serovars gallinarum and pullorum cause?

A

“fowl typhoid” and “pullorum disease” respectively
they are both non-motile

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5
Q

What does the serovar typhi cause?

A

“typhoid fever” which is the classic enteric fever

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6
Q

What do the serovars Paratyphi-A and Paratyphi-B cause?

A

mild forms of enteric fever in humans, most strains do not produce hydrogen sulfide

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7
Q

What do the serovars Cholerae-suis and Typhi-suis cause?

A

Severe disease in pigs

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8
Q

How many serotypes of salmonella are there?

A

Over 2500
And they are distributed worldwide

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9
Q

How many cases of salmonella are there a year, approximately?

A

11,000

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10
Q

What is the main cause of salmonella in humans?

A

Poultry and Poultry products

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11
Q

What kind of diseases does salmonella cause in humans?

A

Diarrhoeal diseases

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12
Q

Name some of the selective media that salmonella can grow on?

A
  • XLD
  • BGA
  • Rappaport
  • Selenite Broth
  • Rambachs
  • Chromogenic agar
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13
Q

Name 5 types of serotyping

A
  • Slide agglutination
  • PCR
  • LAMP
  • Arrays
  • WGS
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14
Q

Why is salmonella so important?

A

It causes an economically important clinical disease in livestock and humans

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15
Q

What does Salmonella Choleraesuis cause?

A

Severe outbreaks of clinical disease similiar to swine fever

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16
Q

What does Salmonella Typhisuis cause?

A

Chronic enteritis in young pigs

17
Q

What does Salmonella Typhimurium cause?

A

Enteritis and septicaemia

18
Q

What does S.Dublin in cattle cause?

A

terminal gangrene, meningitis, enteritis, osteomyelitis, and septicaemia

19
Q

What does S. Typhimurium and S. bovismorbifican cause

A

Enteritis and septicaemia
* Important cause of abortion in the last six weeks of pregnancy

20
Q

What serovars are responsible for typhoid or enteric fever?

A

Typhi and Paratyphi
they both cause systemic illness

21
Q

What does Salmonella Pullorum look like in poultry

A

Bacillary white diamond

22
Q

What does salmonella Gallinarum look like in poultry?

A

Fowl Typhoid

23
Q

What does salmonella arizonae look like in poultry?

A

Severe enteritis and septicaemia

24
Q

Why is salmonella an issue in poultry?

A
  • Intensification
  • No vaccine available for broilers
  • Vertical transmission
  • Emerging pathotypes
  • Persistents in low numbers below detection levels
  • Use of raw eggs
25
Q

How would you control salmonella in livestock?

A
  • Vaccination
  • Biosecurity
  • Wildlife/ Vermin control
  • Surveillanvce
26
Q

What are the virulence determinants of salmonella?

A
  • Fimbriae
  • Flagella
  • Outer Membrane Proteins
  • Secreted Proteins
  • Plasmids
  • Pathogenicity Islands
  • LPS
27
Q

What is the type III secretion system?

A
  • First TTSS is encoded by a salmonella pathogenicity Island and translocates bacterial proteins into the host cell which is neccesary for invasion
  • The second TTSS is encoded by the SPI-2 and translocates proteins across the vacuolar membrane that act to enable intracellular replication
28
Q

What is SOPD?

A

Contributes to fluid secretion and Inflammatory resonse during Salmonella Infection

29
Q

What is SOPA?

A

E3 Ubiquitin LIgase and regulates Salmonella induced Intestinal Inflammation

30
Q

What is SOP E/ E2?

A

interacts with the central regulators of the host cell actin cytoskeleton

31
Q

What is the Salmonella Containing Vacuole?

A
  • Inside host cells, the bacterium is enclosed in a membrane-bound compartment, called the salmonella containing vacuole
  • Intracellular replication of salmonella requires the translocation of effector proteins into the host cytosol
  • the SifA effector protein is important for the membrane stability of the SCV
32
Q

What is the role of acid resistance?

A
  • Helps salmonella survive in the host gut
  • Adaptive response
  • Salmonella Typhimurium possesses two general
    forms of inducible acid tolerance.
33
Q

What is the role of the flagella?

A

Important for invasion and Intracellular survival

34
Q

What are the LPS important for?

A

The colonisation of chickens

VMS 2003 (33 decks)

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