Gut Microbiology III- Campylobacter and Lawsonia Flashcards

1
Q

What is proliferative enteropathy?

A

Hyperplasia of intestinal crypt enterocytes with inflammation and sometimes ulceration/ haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do proliferative enteropathy lesions look like?

A

Gross thickening of parts of the mucosa
bloody intestinal content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is lawsonia intracellularis?

A

obligate intracellular bacterium
Gram-neg, curved rod
Delta-Proteobacteria
Modified Ziehl- Neelsen
Single polar flagellum
Found in the oral cavity and intestine of pigs and horses
Cultivated only in cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the susceptible hosts of lawsonia?

A
  • Pigs
  • Horses
  • Hamsters
  • Other animals can be affected
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is lawsonia transmissed?

A

Faecal-Oral route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the pathogenesis of lawsonia?

A
  • Infects epithelial cells
  • enterocytes undergo mitosis and each cell retains bacteria #
  • Crypts elongate
  • Enterocytes become necrotic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is lawsonia diagnosed?

A
  • based on clinical signs (acute diarrhoea with brownish/ black clotted blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How may you control/ prevent

A

Antibiotics in feed for several weeks during or after periods of stress and during outbreaks in order to control PPE
Avirulent live vaccine is widely available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the main points surrounding campylobacter?

A
  • At least 28 recognised species
  • Gram negative, small bacteria
  • Most species are motile
  • catalse and oxidase +
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is campylobacter fetus?

A

Cause of abortion and infertility in ruminants
subsp- veneralis, and fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the features of campylobacter jejuni?

A
  • Gram negtaive
  • Microaerophillic
  • thermophillic
  • long, thin, spiral
  • highly motile
  • causes diarrhoea in humans and animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is campylobacter jejuni commonly found?

A

Commonly found in the intestine of animals
Poultry are the main source of infection for humans
can cause abortion in cattle and other species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is campylobacter coli commonly found?

A

In the intestine of pigs/ in domestic and wild birds
can cause diarrhoea i piglets
ocassioal enteritis

hard to distinguish between coli and jejuni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which campylobacter is said to be a commensal in poultry?

A

C.jejuni,
however there is an immune response detected to C.jejuni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is C.jejuni infection associated with?

A
  • Vibrionic hepatitis
  • Hockburn
  • Spotty liver disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the pathogenesis of campylobacter infection?

A
  • Campylobacter colonises the enterocytes in the intestine
  • Toxins are produced
  • Translocation
  • Cell invasion
  • There is a net fluid loss
17
Q

What is GBS?

A
  • Tingling sensation, Pain
  • Absent reflexes
  • Worsens over 1-4 weeks
  • 60% cannot work
  • 20% need ventilation
18
Q

What is the campylobacter virulence?

A
  • Highly motile
  • Chemotactic
  • Maintains motility in high viscous environments
  • Motility and chemotaxis are both required for efficient colonisation
19
Q

How would you diagnose campylobacter?

A
  • Clinical signs of diarrhoea
  • Identify isolates
  • Use of conditions and medium to grow campylobacter
20
Q

What are three ways you may get campylobacter?

A
  • Contaminated meat/ Produce
  • Cross-Contamination at home
  • Undercooking food
21
Q

What test migyt you use for campylobacter coli?

A

Hippurate test

22
Q

What are the clinical signs of campylobacter enteric disease?

A
  • acute abdominal pain
  • Fever, general malaise
  • profuse bloody diarrhoea, rarely vomiting
  • rarely bacteraemia
  • mucousal damage and inflammation especially in the illeum and jejenumn
23
Q

What can you do during processing to help eliminate campylobacter?

A
  • Sonostream
  • scalding water temperature
  • Forced air chilling
  • Disinfectants i the wtaer