Ruminant Forelimb - Comparative Anatomy Flashcards
Is there communication between the bicipital bursa and the shoulder joint in the bovine species?
NO (same like horse)
Is there communication between the bicipital bursa and the shoulder joint in small ruminants?
YES (same like dogs)
Are the fetlock, pastern, and coffin joints duplicated in ruminants?
yes
two/limb
How are metacarpals III and IV oriented in ruminants?
fused proximally
unfused distally
How many proximal sesamoid bones are there in the fetlock joint of ruminants?
2/digit
Where do the seasmoid bones of the fetlock articulate in ruminants?
articulate with the palmar aspect of the metacarpal condyle
Describe the joint capsule of the ruminant fetlock
each joint has its own capsule with dorsal and palmar pouches each
axial part of the joint capsules are fused - communicate
What are the digits of the ruminant limbs
total of four
two weight bearing (III and IV)
two non-weight bearing = dewclaw (II and V)
What are the ligaments of the fetlock in ruminants?
abaxial and axial collateral ligaments
proximal sesamoidean ligament - has acial and abaxial extensor slips for each functional digit
proximal interdigital ligament
distal interdigital ligament
What is the purpose of the interdigital ligaments in ruminants?
to restrict divergence and splaying on the digits
Which ruminant species lacks the proximal interdigital ligament?
ovine
Which interdigital ligament is stronger?
distal interdigital ligament - strong and well developed
has superficial and deep parts
Describe the subclavius muscle in ruminants
rudimentary
relatively small in the ox
Describe the lacertus fibrosis in ruminants
well developed in small ruminants (and horse)
poorly developed in the ox
Which species has an additional accessory head to the triceps brachii muscle like canines?
ovine
