Ruminant and Porcine Head - Comparative Anatomy Flashcards
Describe the caudal frontal sinus of the bovine
larger than the cranial frontal sinus
extends into corneal process of the frontal lobe and forms the cornual diverticulum
Is the maxillary sinus of the cow divided?
NO
What compartments is the frontal sinus divided into in small ruminants?
medial and lateral compartments - lateral is larger
Which compartment of the frontal sinus in small ruminats corresponds to the caudal frontal sinus of the bovine?
lateral fronal sinus
also provides the extension into the horn core
Describe the frontal sinus of the pig
excavated the entire dorsal surface of the skull caudal to the nasal bone - protects the brain
Describe the pharynx of the pig
pharyngeal diverticulum, gets lerger with age
1cm long in piglets
3-4cm long in aults
What is the nasolabial plate?
feature of the bovine nose
modified skin around nostrrils, extends to the margin of the upper lip
Describe the lips of the cow
thick, relatively immobile and insensitive
upper lip is larger and overlaps the lower lip
What is the planum nasale?
feature of the small ruminant nose
specialized skin area around the nostrils - narrow
has a philtrum
Describe the lips of the small ruminant
more mobile than cattle
principle organ of prehension
What is the planum rostrale?
feature of the porcine nose
modified area that forms part of the snout
fuses centrally with upper lip
bears short tactile hairs
Describe the porcine snout
disk-like
mobile
rounded nostrils
supported by os rostri - set against the nasal septum and attaches levator labii superioris
Describe the features of the upper lip of the pig
notched to accommodate the projecting canine tooth
Describe the eyes of the pig
small, deeply placed
no tapetum lucidum
Where is the lacrimal gland of the pig located?
at the ventromedial angle of the orbit
with the retobulbar muscles - engulfed by orbital venus sinus
Describe the ears of the pig
oval and attached at the high caudal part of the head
Describe the mouth of ruminants
roomy vestibule
oral cavity proper = large and narrow
hard palate has transverse ridges
What is the main prehensile organ of the bovine?
the tongue!
What is the torus linguae
caudal, raised part of the tongue - bovine
Describe the lingual fossa
part of the bovine tongue
demarkates the beginning of the torus linguae
Where are filiform papillae located on the bovine tongue
apex
Where are conical lenticular papillae located on the bovine tongue?
on the torus lingaue
Where are fungiform papillae found on the bovine tongue?
scattered ober the apex
Where are vallate papillae found on the bovine tongue?
root
Which lingual papillae are mechanical, which are sensory?
filiform and conical lenticular = mechanical
fungiform and vallate = sensory
