Ruminant and Porcine Dentition, Salivary Glands, Lymph Nodes and Nerves - Applied Anatomy

Question 1

What is a common condition seen in small ruminant dental practice?

Answer 1

Tooth loss = broken gum
frequent reason for culling older animals

Question 2

Factors used to age ruminants based on dentition

Answer 2

eruption date - influenced by breed
wear of incisors - influenced by type of feed

Question 3

Smoothening of lingual edge of ruminant incisors

Answer 3

6y I1
7y I2
8y I3
9y I4

Question 4

Compared to goats, when do cattle’s teeth erupt?

Answer 4

later than goats

Question 5

How long do needle teeth in newborn piglets last?

Answer 5

taken off within hours of birth to prevent injury to the mother’s teat

Question 6

What can be observed as a result of inflammation of the lateral retropharyngeal lymph node of the ruminant?

Answer 6

dyspnea and dysphagia

Question 7

Where is the cornual nerve blocked in the large ruminant?

Answer 7

block midway between the orbit and the horn

Question 8

Where is the frontal nerve blocked in the large ruminant?

Answer 8

block over the rim of the orbit towards the horn

Question 9

Where is the branch of the zygomatic nerve and branch of the infratrochlear nerve blocked in the small ruminant?

Answer 9

block at the point of location

Question 10

Is blocking the nerves of the horn enough to provide total analgesia during dehorning procedures?

Answer 10

NO - minimally reduces pain
requires general anesthesia to provide full analgesia

Question 11

Where is the frontal nerve located in the large ruminant?

Answer 11

over the rim of the orbit