Equine Repro - Applied Anatomy Flashcards
What layers of the scrotum are incised in a open castration?
the scrotal skin through the vaginal tunic
What layers of the scrotum are incised in a closed castration?
scroal skin, tunica dartos and external spermatic fascia
Define cryptorchidism
failure of descent of one or both testis into the scrotum, remaining in the abdominal cavity or inguinal canal
may be surgically corrected but can resolve spontaneously
Where can “beans” form in the stallion?
within the urethral sinus
What is phimosis?
congential defect
preputal ring is too tight/narrow, preventing protrusion of the penis
requires surgical resection
What vein is constricted in the penis during copulation in the equine species?
obturator vein
How can we identify the cervix of the mare on rectal palpation?
it is very firm
What structure of the equine cervix allows for easier catherterization?
well defined longitudinal folds
What structure is used to confirm pregnancy of the mare when performing rectal palpation?
the uterine artery - becomes enlarged and pulsates
The clitoral sinus of the mare is capable of
harboring bacteria and causing infection
What is windsucking in mares?
the dorsal commisure is elevated above the pelvic floor
anus is displaced cranially
constrictor vulvae m becomes insufficient in closing the rima vulvae
causes fecal contamination of urogenital tract - inflammation, infection, infertility
How to correct windsucking
Caslick’s Procedure
suture upper part of the vulva
How can we determine if a mare is in estrus on cervical examination?
estrus = cervix has a wilted rose appearance
diestrus = cervic has a rose bud appearance
What is the conjugate diameter of the equine pelvis?
distance from the sacral promontory to the pectin of the pubis
What is the vertical diameter of the equine pelvis?
distance between the ventral part of the sacrum/Cd1 and the pectin of the pubis
perpendicular to the pelvic floor
