Ruminant and Porcine Abdomen/GI - Applied Anatomy

Question 1

What surgical interventions are performed using the paralumbar fossa of ruminants?

Answer 1

rumenotomy
testing ruminal contractions/movements
laparotomy (L side)
cannulation
C-section

Question 2

Describe the Farquharson paravertebral nerve block

Answer 2

aka alpha/proximal/dorsal
desensitizes T13, L1, and L2 where they emerage at the interverbreal foramina

Question 3

Describe the Magda’s paravertebral nerve block

Answer 3

aka beta/distal/lateral
desensitizes T13, L1 and L2 at the tip of the transverse processes

Question 4

Applied anatomy of the rumen

Answer 4

trochanterization
ruminal palpation, percussion, auscultation
ruminotomy
fistulations

Question 5

Describe Hardware Disease

Answer 5

metallic items get stuck in the fundus of the reticulum (fundus = ventral free part)
can result in traumatic reticulopericarditis because the reticulum makes contact with the diaphragm and heart

Question 6

What is contained within the omental bursa of ruminants

Answer 6

intestines and gravid uterus

Question 7

Describe the gastric groove and how it can be induced in adult ruminants

Answer 7

induces in adults via copper sulfate (sheep) or 10% sodium bicarbinate (cattle)

neurohumeral action in young

Question 8

Why is it difficult to examine the spiral loop of the ruminant ascending colon?

Answer 8

fuses to the left surface of the mesojejunum