Equine Forelimb - Applied Anatomy

Question 1

Where would we preform arthrocentesis in the equine cubital joint?

Answer 1

lateral aspect
cranially and caudally to the lateral collateral ligament

Question 1

Where would we perform arthrocentisis in the equine scapulo-humeral joint?

Answer 1

between the cranial and caudal eminence of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 2

Which joint of the distal forelimb in the horse is the most stressed/worked/damaged?

Answer 2

metacarpophalengeal joint (aka fetlock joint)

Question 3

What is articular windgalls/windpuffs in horses?

Answer 3

fluid filled swelling around the fetlock joint, associated with the tendon sheath

Question 4

What is the clinical sign observed when there is a lesion in a section of the interosseous muscle?

Answer 4

fetlock sinks

Question 5

What is the clinical sign observed when there is a lesion in a section of the superficial digital flexor tendon?

Answer 5

fletlock sinks slightly

Question 6

What is the clinical sign observed when there is a lesion in both the interosseous muscle and superficial digital flexor tendon?

Answer 6

complete grounding of the fetlock

Question 7

Describe capped elbow in the horse

Answer 7

inflammation of an inconsistent subcutaneous bursa over the olecranon process

Question 8

Describe the condition known as “Sweeney” that is seen in the horse

Answer 8

damage to the suprascapular nerve
rapid atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles - producing a prominent scapular spine
unstable shoulder - slips laterally

Question 9

How are nerve blocks of the forelimb used in equine medicine?

Answer 9

diagnostic aid used to localize areas of lameness
start ditsally, move up proximally

Question 10

Where would we perform a palmar/plantar digital nerve block?

Answer 10

along the medial and lateral edges of the flexor tendon at the level of the pastern joint

Question 11

What nerves are targeted with the distal plamar/plantar digital nerve block?

Answer 11

medial and lateral palmar/plantar digital nerve

Question 12

Where would we perform a proximal plamar/plantar digital nerve block?

Answer 12

on the abaxial side, just below the proximal sesamoid bone

Question 13

Proximal plamar/plantar digital nerve block aka

Answer 13

abaxial sesamoidean nerve block

Question 14

Where would we perform a low palmar nerve block?

Answer 14

adjacent to the dorsal surface DDFT but distal to the communicating branch
at the level of the buttons

Question 15

Low palmar nerve block aka

Answer 15

low four-point block

Question 16

What nerves are targeted by the low palmar nerve block?

Answer 16

medial and lateral palmar nerves
medial and lateral plamar metacarpal nerves

Question 17

Where would we perform a high palmar nerve block?

Answer 17

adjacent to the dorsal surface of DDFT
between the palmar surface of the third metacarpal bone and the axial surface of the splint bones

Question 18

High palmar nerve block aka

Answer 18

high four-point nerve block

Question 19

What nerves are targeted by the high palmar nerve block?

Answer 19

medial and lateral palmar nerves
medial and lateral plamar metacarpal nerves

Question 20

Where would we perform a lateral palmar nerve block?

Answer 20

along the medial aspect of the accessory carpal bone

Question 21

What nerve is targeted by the lateral palmar nerve block?

Answer 21

lateral palmar nerve

Question 22

Where on the equine distal forelimb can we feel an arterial pulse?

Answer 22

medial and lateral palmar digital arteries - as they pass over the abaxial surfaces of the proximal sesamoid bones