Equine Repro - Comparative Anatomy

Question 1

Describe the equine scrotum

Answer 1

globular, no distinct neck - testes are relatively immobile
oily appearance - sebaceous secretions

Question 2

Describe the location and orientation of the equine scrotum/testes

Answer 2

ventral to the pubic brim in the inguinal region
ellipsoidal and laterally compressed
long axis = horizontal

Question 3

Where does the epididymis lie in relation to the testis in the equine species?

Answer 3

dorsal to the testis

Question 4

Accessory sex glands in the horse

Answer 4

ampulla of the ductus deferens
vesicular glands
body of the prostate
bulbourethral gland

Question 5

What is the testicular bursa in the horse?

Answer 5

distinct lateral opening of the epididymis

Question 6

What makes up the ejaculatory duct of the horse?

Answer 6

ducts of vesicular gland
ducts of ductus deferens

Question 7

Parts of the equine glans penis

Answer 7

corona glandis (raised margin)
collum glandis
fossa glandis
urethral sinus
preputal oriface
preputial ring

Question 8

What type of penis does the equine species have?

Answer 8

musculocavernous

Question 9

Describe the location of the equine ovaries

Answer 9

sublumbar L4-L5
NOT within the pelvic cavity

Question 10

Describe the shape and size of equine ovaries

Answer 10

kidney bean shaped with a medial indentation (ovulation fossa)
largest ovaries in domestic animal species

Question 11

Describe the internal structure of the equine ovaries

Answer 11

reversed
outer = medulla
inner = cortex

Question 12

What is the shape of the uterine horns in the mare?

Answer 12

T shape

Question 13

The uterine body of the mare is considered to be ___ in relation to other domestic species?

Answer 13

the longest

Question 14

The oviarian artery of the mare does what?

Answer 14

divides into several branches - ramifying on the ovarian surface

Question 15

Describe the vulva of the mare

Answer 15

rounded ventral commissure
pointed dorsal commissure

Question 16

What type of glands are present on the dorsolateral and ventral walls of the equine vestibule?

Answer 16

minor vestibular glands

Question 17

What can effect the topography of the perineum in the equine species?

Answer 17

depends on the fullness of the rectum

Question 18

Why is it uncommon to see the ischiorectal fossa in the horse?

Answer 18

the region is more muscular
hamstring muscles have a higher point of origin from the sacrum/caudal vertebrae

Question 19

Describe the ischeal spines and ischeal tuberosities of the horse

Answer 19

flat ischeal spines and ischeal tuberosities

Question 20

Describe the pelvic inlet of the mare

Answer 20

pelvic inlet is wide and round in the mare

Question 21

Describe the pelvic floor of the horse

Answer 21

the pelvic floor is flat and almost horizontaal

Question 22

Describe the long axis of the pelvic cavity of the horse

Answer 22

long axis of the pelvic cavity is almost straight

Question 23

Describe the sacrotuberous ligament of the horse and it’s relevancy

Answer 23

well developed and broad sacrotuberous ligament
allows the pelvic canal to expand during birth

Question 24

Are there any undue curvatures in the equine pelvis

Answer 24

NO

Question 25

Describe the pelvic exit of the horse

Answer 25

the pelvic exit is free