Ruminant and Porcine Thorax - Applied Anatomy

Question 1

What is the relevance of a thin and fenestrated mediastinum found in horses?

Answer 1

there is an increased likelihood of air or inflammatory fluid breaking through from one pleural cavity to the other

Question 2

What is the clinical consideration of the cupula pleura?

Answer 2

exposed to risk of injury at base of neck

Question 3

Where is thoracocentesis performed?

Answer 3

right 6/7th ICS
left 5th ICS
dorsal to the costochondral junction

Question 4

What is the clinical consideration associated with the tracheal bronchus present in ruminants and pigs?

Answer 4

predisposes the lobe to infection and inhalation pneumonia

Question 5

Name the points of auscultation in the ruminant

Answer 5

P low 3rd left ICS
A high 4th left ICS
M low 5th left ICS
T low 3/4th right ICS

Question 6

Where to perform pericardiocentesis in ruminants?

Answer 6

left 4th ICS at the level of the costochondral junction

Question 7

What are the consequences of enlargement of the caudal mediastinal lymph node in ruminants?

Answer 7

can compress the esophagus - causing bloat
can also damage the vagal trunks and interfere with normal gastric motility

Question 8

Which lymph node becomes compromised in any and all lung infections?

Answer 8

tracheobronchial lymph node

Question 9

What occurs in bovine TB or lymphadenitis?

Answer 9

the caudal bronchial lymph node becomes enlarged - causing choking or damage to the vagal trunks