Rotation: Pharmacology

Question 1

In addition to bethanecol, ___________ is also used to treat urinary retention.

Answer 1

neostigmine

Question 2

____________ are used to shorten recovery time following surgeries needing to use paralytic drugs.

Answer 2

Neostigmine and edrophonium

Question 3

___________ are the main treatment for myasthenia gravis, with cholinesterase inhibitors being merely an adjuvant therapy.

Answer 3

Immunotherapies

Question 4

What is the most life-threatening effect of atropine overdose (and overdose of other muscarinic blocking agents)?

Answer 4

Hyperthermia

Question 5

What do antimuscarinics do to the bowel and urinary system?

Answer 5

Cause constipation and urinary retention

Question 6

If a patient can’t tolerate the antimuscarinic side effects, then what novel therapy could be offered to treat overactive bladder?

Answer 6

Beta-3 agonists (mirabegron)

Question 7

What are the symptoms of antimuscarinic activity in the CNS?

Answer 7

Sedation, delirium

Question 8

Antimuscarinics are contraindicated in those with __________ (ophthalmologic issue) and ___________ (hyperplastic issue).

Answer 8

glaucoma; benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 9

Beta-2 activation leads to a __________ in total peripheral resistance.

Answer 9

decrease

Question 10

Release of renin is mediated by which type of adrenergic receptor?

Answer 10

Beta-1

Question 11

What receptor mediates increase of vitreous humor production?

Answer 11

Beta-2

Question 12

Again, what does adrenergic stimulation do to the bladder?

Answer 12

Beta-2: relax the bladder muscle

Alpha-1: constrict the urethra

Question 13

Which receptors can norepinephrine activate?

Answer 13

Beta-1 and alpha-1

Question 14

Which receptors can epinephrine activate?

Answer 14

All adrenergic receptors

Question 15

What receptor stimulation leads to relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle?

Answer 15

Beta-2

Question 16

Which receptor stimulates ejaculation?

Answer 16

Alpha-1

Question 17

What is the chemical category of physostigmine and neostigmine?

Answer 17

Carbamates

Question 18

Oxymetazoline is what kind of drug?

Answer 18

Topical alpha-1 agonist

Question 19

__________ can be used to treat “stage fright” and tremors.

Answer 19

Beta-blockers

Question 20

Which kind of beta-blocker is used to treat cardiac conditions?

Answer 20

Beta-1 selective (so for angina and arrhythmias use beta-1s)

Question 21

Which adrenergic drugs can be given to a patient with asthma?

Answer 21

Alpha-1 antagonists and beta-1 antagonists

Question 22

Activation of alpha-2 receptors on cholinergic terminals in the GI tract leads to ____________.

Answer 22

decreased acetylcholine release