Exam 1 SNAPP Qs and Practice Test Review Flashcards
Which cells are activated first by signals from damaged neurons?
Microglia
When neurons are damaged, the microglia are the first response cells to be activated and then the astrocytes take over. When does the microglia response end?
30 minutes after injury
What embryologic structure gives rise to Schwann cells?
The neural crest
What is allodynia?
The phenomenon in which normally innocuous stimuli (such as light touching) become painful
Hemiplegia in a stroke is most often due to occlusion of what vessel?
The middle cerebral
What three things speed up the conduction of action potentials down an axon?
Increased membrane thickness
Increased density of sodium channels
Increased axonal diameter
What is one side effect of muscarinic antagonists that was not depicted in the Sketchy diagram?
Erectile dysfunction (from scopalamine)
Medication that blocks the D2 and 5HT receptors is used to treat what condition?
Schizophrenia
The alar plate becomes the __________ and the basal plate becomes the ____________.
sensory area of the spinal cord; motor area
The sulcus limitans separates the ______________.
alar plate from the basal plate
What percentage of the sub-plate cells will die during development of the PNS?
100%
What percent of motor neurons die during development?
50%
Neurenteric fistulas and cysts result from failure of which process?
Regression of the neurenteric canal, leading to persistent communication between the amniotic sac and yolk sac
Where is the calcarine sulcus?
On the medial surface of the occipital lobe; it connects to the parieto-occipital sulcus
The basal and alar plates go on to form _______ matter.
gray
LCH is caused by abnormal __________, secreted by ____________.
reelin; Cajal-Retzius cells
Neonatal ___________ threshold is lower.
seizure
The most effective treatment for PTSD is ___________.
SSRI therapy
After ascending through the spinothalamic tract, the axons from pain neurons synapse on the _____________ in the thalamus.
ventral posterolateral nucleus (some also synapse on the periaqueductal gray matter)
Pain-carrying axons from the thalamus enter the ____________.
internal capsule
Fine-touch axons also synapse on the ______________, but first they pass through the ___________.
ventral posterolateral nucleus (in the thalamus); medial lemniscus
Where is the decussate?
At the spino-medullary junction
The primary motor neurons run through which part of the internal capsule?
The posterior limb
Is the corticospinal tract the lateral or ventral funiculus?
Lateral
