Exam 1 SNAPP Qs and Practice Test Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which cells are activated first by signals from damaged neurons?

A

Microglia

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2
Q

When neurons are damaged, the microglia are the first response cells to be activated and then the astrocytes take over. When does the microglia response end?

A

30 minutes after injury

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3
Q

What embryologic structure gives rise to Schwann cells?

A

The neural crest

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4
Q

What is allodynia?

A

The phenomenon in which normally innocuous stimuli (such as light touching) become painful

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5
Q

Hemiplegia in a stroke is most often due to occlusion of what vessel?

A

The middle cerebral

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6
Q

What three things speed up the conduction of action potentials down an axon?

A

Increased membrane thickness
Increased density of sodium channels
Increased axonal diameter

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7
Q

What is one side effect of muscarinic antagonists that was not depicted in the Sketchy diagram?

A

Erectile dysfunction (from scopalamine)

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8
Q

Medication that blocks the D2 and 5HT receptors is used to treat what condition?

A

Schizophrenia

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9
Q

The alar plate becomes the __________ and the basal plate becomes the ____________.

A

sensory area of the spinal cord; motor area

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10
Q

The sulcus limitans separates the ______________.

A

alar plate from the basal plate

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11
Q

What percentage of the sub-plate cells will die during development of the PNS?

A

100%

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12
Q

What percent of motor neurons die during development?

A

50%

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13
Q

Neurenteric fistulas and cysts result from failure of which process?

A

Regression of the neurenteric canal, leading to persistent communication between the amniotic sac and yolk sac

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14
Q

Where is the calcarine sulcus?

A

On the medial surface of the occipital lobe; it connects to the parieto-occipital sulcus

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15
Q

The basal and alar plates go on to form _______ matter.

A

gray

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16
Q

LCH is caused by abnormal __________, secreted by ____________.

A

reelin; Cajal-Retzius cells

17
Q

Neonatal ___________ threshold is lower.

A

seizure

18
Q

The most effective treatment for PTSD is ___________.

A

SSRI therapy

19
Q

After ascending through the spinothalamic tract, the axons from pain neurons synapse on the _____________ in the thalamus.

A

ventral posterolateral nucleus (some also synapse on the periaqueductal gray matter)

20
Q

Pain-carrying axons from the thalamus enter the ____________.

A

internal capsule

21
Q

Fine-touch axons also synapse on the ______________, but first they pass through the ___________.

A

ventral posterolateral nucleus (in the thalamus); medial lemniscus

22
Q

Where is the decussate?

A

At the spino-medullary junction

23
Q

The primary motor neurons run through which part of the internal capsule?

A

The posterior limb

24
Q

Is the corticospinal tract the lateral or ventral funiculus?

A

Lateral