Developmental Disorders Flashcards
Autism was originally thought to be a result of _____________.
refrigerator mothers (i.e., mothers whose care was deficient or emotionless)
Most researchers think there are up to __________ pathways to autism.
30 different
Identical twin concordance of autism is roughly _______.
90 percent
One pathway to autism is thought to arise from deficient _____________.
pruning of synapses
One characteristic of autism is lack of ____________.
social reciprocity
Children with autism often speak, but they do so ___________.
without directing it at another person; for instance, a child might stand in front of a fridge and say “Pepsi,” not realizing that they need to say this to their parent
People with autism have a limited ability to ____________.
shift attention; experience novel things; and modify behaviors based on context
People with autism often develop ___________, thought to arise from intense focus.
splinter skills
What is the prevalence of autism.
1:110 (some estimates as high as 1:68)
What is the male brain hypothesis?
That autism reflects male thinking (intense focus, inability to shift focus), and thus it is not surprising that men have a higher incidence of autism
It is rare to find a person who only suffers from _________.
autism
Recent projects suggest that ______ out of every ten children with autism can grow up to be indistinguishable (from a casual observer) from a person without autism.
two
What percent of autism has a known genetic correlate?
15% - 20%
Once a couple has one child with autism, what is the chance that the second child will also have autism?
~20%
What are some of the signs of autism in a child younger than 12 months?
Lack of eye contact Dysynchrony with caregiver Lack of social smile Less vocalization Delay in response to name
What is the name of the survey that screens for autism?
M-CHAT
What environmental things have been shown to correlate with increased incidence of autism?
Pesticides, air pollution, and tanning chemicals
Most people with autism are ________-functioning.
high
About _________ percent of people with fragile X or tuberous sclerosis have autism.
30
What three categories of symptoms need to be met to warrant an autism diagnosis?
- Communication problems
- Restricted or repetitive interests
- Symptoms present in childhood
