Movement Disorders Flashcards
The job of the basal ganglia is to ____________.
coordinate and smooth out muscle movements
Parkinson’s is a _________-kinesia.
hypo
The most common movement disorder in adults is __________; in kids is __________.
restless leg syndrome; tics
Again, essential tremor only occurs ___________.
with intention
What structure is targeted in DBS for Parkinson’s?
The VIM (ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus)
In order to have a diagnosis of tourettes, the symptoms need to be present prior to age _______.
16
What two side effects must you ask every patient taking Parkinson’s medications?
Daytime sleepiness
Impulsivity (gambling, sexual indiscretion)
Normally, dopamine turns up the __________ pathway and turns down the ___________ pathway, facilitating movement.
direct (D1); indirect (D2)
Tremor, tics, chorea, and dystonia are examples of ________-kinesia.
hyper
The mean age of onset for essential tremor is _____________.
45
What are the two first-line medications for essential tremor?
Primidone and beta-blockers
Tics in those with Tourette’s continue into adulthood in _______ percent of cases.
25
How is Tourette’s treated?
Educate the family, patient, and school
Treat tics if life threatening (not sure with what)
Treat OCD and ADHD as you would otherwise
CBT
What drugs can treat dystonia?
Anticholinergics
Botulinum
Muscle relaxants
Exaggerated startle response is called _____________.
hyperekplexia
Muscle fluttering that is insufficient to move a joint is called __________.
myokymia (eyelid fluttering)
Bending down (in Parkinson’s) is called _________.
camptocormia
Lack of facial expression in those with Parkinson’s is called __________.
hypomimia
Postural instability is more typical of ___________. As is having the “___________” expression.
progressive supranuclear palsy; reptillian/scared
Importantly, restless leg syndrome does not occur when the patient is _______________.
asleep; it is a disorder of resting wakefulness
