Ophthalmology II

Question 1

Which parts of the orbit “break pretty commonly”?

Answer 1

The floor and the medial part (the ethmoid bone)

Question 2

Which nerve runs through the floor of the orbit and infraorbital fossa?

Answer 2

V2

Question 3

Why does Grave’s disease lead to ophthalmologic complications? (Dysthyroidism is not the cause.)

Answer 3

For an unknown reason, there are thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors on the orbital fibroblasts. The antibodies present in Grave’s disease lead to recruitment of inflammatory cells into the back of the eye, increased production of GAG, EOM hypertrophy, and fibroblast proliferation.

Question 4

What is the tarsus?

Answer 4

It is a connective tissue plate that connects the eyelid to the skeleton and to the levator palpebrae superioris.

Question 5

90% of skin cancers of the eyelid are ____________.

Answer 5

basal cell carcinoma

Question 6

What are the general treatment patterns of Grave’s disease?

Answer 6

Give immunomodulators during the active phase and surgery (orbital decompression) during the quiescent phase.

Question 7

In Horner syndrome, the ________ muscle does not receive its sympathetic innervation.

Answer 7

Muller’s (which connects to the levator palpebrae superioris and helps raise the upper eyelid)

Question 8

Infection of the nasolacrimal duct is called __________.

Answer 8

dacrocystitis