3D Neuroanatomy Review

Question 1

The lateral ventricles are broken into three horns: _____________.

Answer 1

anterior, posterior, and inferior

Question 2

What is the interthalamic adhesion?

Answer 2

A piece of the thalamus that bridges the two lateral halves

Question 3

The caudate closely follows the ______________.

Answer 3

lateral ventricles (just superior and lateral to it)

Question 4

Where the caudate and putamen come together is called the ____________.

Answer 4

nucleus accumbens

Question 5

Inside the putamen is the __________.

Answer 5

globus pallidus

Question 6

The temporal lobe has two major parts: ___________.

Answer 6

the amygdala and hippocampus

Question 7

The amygdala is __________ to the hippocampus.

Answer 7

rostral/anterior

Question 8

The mammillary bodies are __________ to the hypothalamus.

Answer 8

caudal

Question 9

Contrast the consistencies of the amygdala and the hippocampus.

Answer 9

The amygdala is “soft and fluffy–like a marshmallow,” while the hippocampus is spiraled “like a seahorse or cinnamon roll.”

Question 10

Trace the path of the fornix.

Answer 10

It picks up axons from the temporal lobes (just superior to the hippocampus), and then follows the path of the lateral ventricles. They fuse and become inferior to the lateral ventricles. Ultimately, they diverge again and “dive bomb” straight down onto the mammillary bodies.

Question 11

The septum pellucidum is _________ to the fornix.

Answer 11

superior

Question 12

The anterior commissure is superior to the __________.

Answer 12

hypothalamus

Question 13

The fornix hangs onto the bottom of the ____________.

Answer 13

septum pellucidum

Question 14

The insula is involved in _____________.

Answer 14

empathy and imagining other people’s points of view (the INSULA keeps you from being INSULAr)

Question 15

Hemorrhaging the middle meningeal leads to intracranial (lenticular) bleeding that can cause herniation of what structure?

Answer 15

The uncus (through the floor of the tentorium cerebelli)

Question 16

The oculomotor nerve passes between which two arteries as it exits the brainstem?

Answer 16

The posterior cerebral artery and the superior cerebellar artery

Question 17

The inferior terminus of the fasciculus cuneatus lies at which vertebra?

Answer 17

T6

Question 18

Are the nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus ipsilateral or contralateral to their fasciculi?

Answer 18

Ipsilateral; these cells send axons across the midline to the medial lemniscus and thence to the somatosensory cortex

Question 19

Trace the path of pain sensation.

Answer 19

Pain sensed -> axon synapses at dorsal root ganglion -> axon synapses on cell in ipsilateral substantia gelatinosa -> axon crosses midline via anterior white commissure and goes up via the anterolateral tract -> axon synapses on medial lemniscus -> axon proceeds to cortex.

Question 20

Where is the lateral corticospinal tract?

Answer 20

Just anterior and lateral to the posteromarginal nucleus

Question 21

Where is the anterior corticospinal tract?

Answer 21

Just anterior to the anterior white commissure