RNA viruses

Question 1

Reoviruses

Answer 1

Envelope: No
RNA structure: DS linear
10-12 segments
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral (double)
Medical importance: Coltivirus–Colorado tick fever
Rotavirus-#1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children

Question 2

Picornaviruses

Answer 2

Envelope: No
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral
Medical importance: 
Poliovirus - polio-Salk/Sabin vaccines - IPV/OPV
Echovirus - aseptic meningitis
Rhinovirus - "common cold"
Coxsackievirus - aseptic meningitis; herpangina (mouth blisters, fever); hand, foot and mouth disease; myocraditis
HAV - acute viral hepatitis
PERCH

Question 3

Hepevirus

Answer 3

Envelope: No
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral
Medical importance: HEV

Question 4

Caliciviruses

Answer 4

Envelope: No
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral
Medical importance: 
Norovirus - viral gastroenteritis

Question 5

Flaviviruses

Answer 5

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral
Medical importance:
HCV
Yellow fever
Dengue
St. Louis encephalitis
West Nile virus

Question 6

Togaviruses

Answer 6

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral
Medical importance:
Rubella
Eastern equine encephalitis
Western equine encephalitis

Question 7

Retroviruses

Answer 7

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Icosahedral (HTLV), 
                             complex and conical (HIV)
Medical importance:
Have reverse transcriptase
HTLV - T-cell leukemia
HIV - AIDS

Question 8

Coronaviruses

Answer 8

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS+ linear
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance:
Coronavirus-"common cold" and SARS

Question 9

Orthomyxoviruses

Answer 9

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear
                         8 segments
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance: Influenza virus

Question 10

Paramyxoviruses

Answer 10

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear
                        Nonsegmented
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance:
PaRaMyxovirus:
  Parainfluenza - croup
  RSV - bronchiolitis in babies; Rx - ribavirin
  Measles, Mumps

Question 11

Rhabdoviruses

Answer 11

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance: Rabies

Question 12

Filoviruses

Answer 12

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance: Ebola/Marburg hemorrhagic fever - often fatal!

Question 13

Arenviruses

Answer 13

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear 2 segments
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance:
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice

Question 14

Bunyavirus

Answer 14

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear 3 segments
Capsid symmetry: Helical
Medical importance: California encephalitis
Sandfly/Rift Valley fevers
Crimena-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Hantavirus - hemorrhagic fever, pneumonia

Question 15

Delta virus

Answer 15

Envelope: Yes
RNA structure: SS- linear
Capsid symmetry: Uncertain
Medical importance: HDV is a “defective” virus that requires HBV co-infection