Reproductive Sexual Dysfunction- EXAM 3

Question 1

Amenorrhea

Answer 1

The absence of menses

Question 2

DUB

Answer 2

Heavy bleeding that is irregular and painless

Question 3

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 3

Pain associated with menses

Question 4

Endometriosis

Answer 4

Common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea and one of the most painful gynecological disorders

Question 5

Menorrhagia

Answer 5

Excessive or prolonged menstruation that occurs at regular intervals

Question 6

Postmenopausal bleeding

Answer 6

May be caused by endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia or uterine cancer

Question 7

Menstral dysfunction two categories and what they are

Answer 7

Dysmenorrhea- pain associated with menses
DUB- heavy uterine bleeding that is irregular and painless

Question 8

Primary dysmenorrhea

Answer 8

Common in young women
May begin on the first day of menses or 1-3 days prior to the onset
Pelvic pain that radiates to groin, cramping, abdominal pain, fatigue, nausea, committing, headache, dissiness

Question 9

Secondary dysmenorrhea

Answer 9

Related to pathology or disease
Occurs 30-50 years of age
Endometriosis is the most common cause

Question 10

What is Endometriosis

Answer 10

One of the most painful GYN disorder
Cells from endometrial tissue implants and grows outside the uterus
Implants open and bleed into pelvic pelvic cavity causing pain and adhesions
Has no cure but can be managed
Therapies used include: BC, Patches, Vaginal rings
Main symptoms are pain and infertility

Question 11

Endometrial ablation

Answer 11

Endometrial layer of uterus permanently destroyed using laser
Very torturous, not recommended for child bearing age

Question 12

Risk factors for menstrual dysfunctions

Answer 12

Early age of menarche
Long, heavy menstrual periods
Smoking
Family history
Stress
Extreme weight changes
Obesity: affects hormones
Thyroid disease
Metabolic disease
Use of HRT, normal birth control, IUC device

Question 13

Surgery options of menstrual dysfunction

Answer 13

Necessary if medical treatment fails
Involves uterine wall scraping
Endometrial ablation or hysterectomy

Question 14

Describe a Hysterectomy

Answer 14

The removal of uterus when medical management is unsuccessful or malignancy present; cancer
Removes uterus, Fallopian tubes and ovaries

Question 15

DUB in pregnant women

Answer 15

Bleeding during pregnancy
Can cause miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy or molar pregnancy if occurs in early pregnancy
In late pregnancy, can cause placental abruption, placenta previa or preterm labor

Question 16

DUB in older adults

Answer 16

Very dangerous in ages 60+. When menstrual cycle “begins again” in Postmenopausal women.
Can be caused by polyps and cancer

Question 17

Assessing someone with DUB

Answer 17

Ask when last menstrual period was
Any obstetric surgeries
Sexual practices
Medications
Preexisting conditions
Assess VS and abdomen

Question 18

Describe Erectile Dysfunction and risk factors

Answer 18

Inability to attain or maintain an erection
Must be present for 3 months for medical diagnosis
Can be physiological and physical
RF: Age, Chronic diseases= Diabetes, alcoholism, kidney disease and atherosclerosis

Question 19

What are uterine fibroids

Answer 19

Non-cancerous growths in the uterus
Various sizes and location in the uterus
Cause infertility! and painful
Some can grow or shrink on their own
Many that have been present during pregnancy shrink or disappear after pregnancy

Question 20

Uterine fibroid symptoms

Answer 20

Many women won’t have symptoms
Heavy mental bleeding
Menstral periods lasting more than a week
Pelvic pressure or pain
FREQUENT urination
Difficulty emptying the bladder
Constipation
Backache

Question 21

Uterine fibroid causes

Answer 21

Not known but genetic changes, hormones can be factors

Question 22

Describe Chlamydia

Answer 22

Most commonly reported STI
Spread my sexual contact and to neonate during birth
Easily cured if treated
Causes scarring of the Fallopian tubes and can lead to ectopic pregnancy

Question 23

Symptoms of chlamydia

Answer 23

Often no signs or symptoms
Pain or burning while urinating
Pain during sexual intercourse
Lower belly pain
Abnormal vaginal discharge
Bleeding between periods

MEN:
White or cloudy discharge from penis
Pain or burning when urinating or having sex
Pain or swelling of testicles