Renal Flashcards
FSGS will have what histological characteristics?
Effacement of the podocyte foot processes
(most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults and associated with HIV)
these symtoms are consistent with what diagnosis?
intellectual deficit and a seizure disorder. Seizure frequency is increasing over the past few months. His physical exam reveals hypopigmented macules on his trunk and small growths on his fingernails consistent with fibromas. A recent brain MRI reveals a subependymal astrocytom
Tuberous Sclerosis
Which renal tumor is common in tuberous sclerosis?
Angiomyolipoma
Diabetic nephropathy causes what distinct change in the glomerulus?
Mesangial Expansion
The cyanide-nitroprusside test tests for what?
high levels of urine cysteine (cysteinuria or cysteine stones)
will ANP be increased or decreased in Conn Syndrome?
Increased
In primary hyperparathyroidism, PTH causes Ca reaborption where along the nephron?
in the distal convoluted tubule
In Chronic renal failure, what vitamin d precursor will be elevated?
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
Fanoconi’s syndrome can occur after ingestion of what drug and where are the effects?
Tetracycline
PCT
A kidney stone causes what pressure change?
increased hydrostatic pressure wihtin bnowmans space
In CHF, will Na excretion be increased or decreased?I
Increased
What is the best measure of GFR?
Inulin clearance
PAH is for RPF
What is the MOA of TMP-SMX?
inhibiting dihydropteroate synthase
What is the MOA of Fluconazole?
blocks the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol
HSP will present after an infection with a rash. What will be seen on micropscopy?
IgA deposits in mesangium
When a pt uses an Epi-pen they may have side effects inclduing chest tightness and hypertension. This is due to activation of what receptors?
A1 agonists
which BPH drug should be avoided in pregnant women?
Finasteride, a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor
Which non-sulfa drug can be used for pyelonephritis and what is it’s MOA?
Cipro
inhibits topoisomerase II and IV
What is the MOA of acyclovir?
Inhibits viral DNA ploymerase
What is the MOA of Sacrolimus?
Creates a complex with intracellular immunophilins (FKBP) and binds to mTOR inhibiting T-cell proliferation in response to IL-2. This is normally given in conjunction with cyclosporine and corticosteroids after a kidney transplant to suppress organ rejection. This drug can cause hyperlipidemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia
What is the mutation in adult polycystic kidney disease?
PKD1/2
What risk is posed in a lightbulb facotry?
Mercury
apathy, mood changes, tremor
treat with dimercaperol