General 6 Flashcards by Liz Pennington

what is the MOA of desmopressin for hemophilia?

increases circualting VIII and endothelial protein secretion of vWF to stop bleeding

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what CDs are on immature cortical T cells?

CD 4 and CD8

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what hormone breaks TG into free fatty acids and glycerol in order to make glucose and ketone bodies ?

HSL

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osteoblast function correlates with what lab vcalue?

ALkaline phosphatase

n-terminal peptide of type I collagen

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calculate cumulative incidence

new diagnosis divided by those at risk (so take out the ones who already have the dx from the population)

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v shaped branching of aspergillus

remember that mucor and rhozpus are at wide angles, not septate, ribon like

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squatting during a tet spell does what?

increases systemic vascular resistance!!

you knew this!!

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chronic granulomatous disease is deficient in what

at risk for what?

NADPH oxidase

catalase + orgnaisms like staph aurus, burkholderia, serratia, nocardia

aspergillus

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in venous insuffeiciency leading to stasis dermatitis, what leads to the reddish brown discoleration?

hemosiderin deposition

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pt’s with severe mitral regurg will develop what?

S3 due to large volume of regurgitant blood reentering the ventricle at mid-diastole

no S3 means it can’t be severe chronic mitral regurg

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Bh4-Bh2 conversion in PKU requires what enzyme

dihydropterin reductase

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if bleeding does’nt stop when you clamp the hepatoduodenal lgiament (which has portal vein in it) then where is the bleeding probably coming from?

IVC

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what is responsible for the toelrance affect seen with a adrenerigc and beta adrenergic agonsits?

activcation of these receptors leads to arrestin binding and internalizaiont

the more these receptors are internalized, the mroe tolerant you become and need higher and higher doses ebcause theyre are fewer r available

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people with liver disease and iron overload are more at risk for what infection?

vibrio vulnificus

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what kind of cell killing leads to councilman bodies?

t cell mediated apoptosus

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how did uworld describe marfans

tall with long UE and fingers

narrow face

slanted palprbael fissures

flat malar bones

small jaw

late systolic murmur at the apex due to myxamatous mitral degeneration–>MVP

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giving a b blocker to a pt with HCM will do what?

decrease contraction of the Lv and HR

decrease murmur

increase LV volume

reduce outflow tract obstruction by INCREASING preload

improve sx

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what causes this

schistosomiasis

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transient recurrent pulmonary infiltrates and bronchiectasis is what dxz?

apergillus causing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

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elevated procalcitonin indicates what?

low procalcitonin indicates what?

bacterial infection

viral infection

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how does progesterone effect intestinal mobility?

decreases colonic smooth muscle activity and the gravid uterus can impede motion as well

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what bacteria produce IgA protease?

n meningitidis, n gonhorrhea, strep pneumo, h flu

cleaves IgA at the hinge region making it ineefective (but its already a bad opsonizer, so does’nt reallt effect opsonization)

Main function is to help thebacteria stick to surfacs

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tumor lysis syndrome

increases K, uric acid, phosphurs, LDH

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atrial l-r shunts cause wide splt S2 and facilitate what?

paradoxical emobili

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what is the pathophysiology of rotavirus

infects the villous enterocytes of the jejunum and duodedum resulting in villous blunting and loss of brush border enzymes watery diarrhea without fecal leukocytes

type I and II errors

reducing the significance (alpha) in a study from 0.05 to 0.01 allows researchers to report any significant findings with greater confidence

transplant rejection add to list

uniform round cells, medium sized, with basophilic cytoplasm and proliferation fraction Ki 67\>99 is what?

EBV related B cell lymphoma

what type of drug is leuprolide?

GnRH agonist initially increases LH/testosterone/andrigens and then downregualtes the receptors

purulent pericarditiis is from what cause?s

staph aureus strep pneumo candida

noise induced hearing loss is due to damage where?

hair cells in the rogan of corti

what does acute myocarditis look like?

common cause of death in fredireicks attaxia?

hypertrophic cardiomyopthy

inhibiting what cand ecrease progression of adenoma to carcinoma?

COX2

mutation in what can help little adenoma go to big/late adenoma?

KRAS

dopamine agonists, like cabergoline or bromocriptine can treat what?

prolactinomas agonists-so they stimulate dopamine

P falciparum does not have what?

a dormant liver stage like vivax and ovale

pressure recording in aortic regurgitation

ductus arteriosus comes from which arch?

6th arch

in pleural effusions, what will be decreased?

tactile fremitus and breathsounds dull percussion

aortic regrgitation has what common findings

widened pulse pressure (rapid rise rapid fall) head bobbing

how does the hep B vaccine orevent infection?

recombinant HBsAg generates anti-HBs Ab that prevent infection by binding to the envelope of circulating virus and inhbiting entry

first generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine have what side effects

antimuscarinic anti alpha adrenergic antiserotonergic the antimuscarinic side effects can interfere with Ach and cause ocular ciliary muscle impairemtn and blurriness of near objects

tinea pedis-athletes foot treat with

clotrimazole

what two things can help you differentiate between hypersensitivity pneumonitis and interstial fibrosis?

interstiitaly fibrosis pts are older and wont have granulomas

types for lung adenocarcinoma?

most common in nonsmokers but can happen in smokers usually a discrete pulmonary lesion or looks like pna may have watery mucous

critical illness can cause neuromuscular weakness by which two mechanisma?

atrophy axonal degeneration

what type of amyloid is deposited in dialysis related amyloidosis?

B2 microglobulin

describe charco marie tooth

mutation in myelin progressive symmetrical distal muscle atrophy and weakness most notable in the feet and calves (unlike DMD or BMD which has calve psuedohypertoprhy) also has sesnory loss, pes cavus, hammer toes, arreflexia

case control study participants selection

cases and controls should be selected base on dz status rather than exposure status

concerning result of pre-eclampsua?

DIC

concerning SE of macrolides, esp, erythromycin?

QT prolongation, can be used to treat strep pyogenies

how much blood bypasses fetal lvier via ductus vensosus? what is the function of the Foramen Ovcale?

50% allows O2 blood to bypass the pulonary vasculature

math

moderate hypothermia is between

28-32;C

familial disbetalipoprtoeineima is a type

III hyperlipidemia

ulnar nerve comes from which cord?

medial cord

where si the transverse process of T7?

1 segment above the level of the spinous process of T7, which is located at the level of the inferior angle of the scapula.

truncal ataxia, as seen with dandy walker malformations, is assoxieted with wht?

difficulty sitting unsupported

what drug follows 0 order kinetics?

phenytoin not phenobarbitol

if you send a drunk pt home who gets ina a hit and run, what is the libaility?

liabel because of breach of dudty

adductor pollicis is indervated by

ulnar nerve

TTP

what drug should be used for aortic regurgitation in the setting of HTN?

vasodilator ACEi diuretic

v wave corresponds to

opening of tricupsid valve will increase in tricupsid regurgitation

what is teh role of doxasozin in BPH? what effects the growth of the prostate in BPH?

reduce smooth muscle contraction and decrease urinary sx finasteride

acetazoliamide can cause waht?

non-anion gap metabolic acidosis due to rise in cl

chronic somatic dysfunctions have what pain quality?

dull and achy?