HoW aRe We FeEliNg ToDAy?? Yeah, I aM nOt FeELing GOod HaAhAhA Flashcards
STATS
if a population is decreasing in size, how does the prevelence of a dz change?
it increases because the population is decreasing
stats
What are the layers of a crycothyrotomy?
skin
superficial cervical fascia
deep fascia
cricothyroid membrane
INH inhibits what enzyme path?
ALA synthase by inhibiting pyridoxine phosphokinase
amphotercin B is most notable at causing what side effect?
what should be monitoed?
nepthrotoxicity
mointor serum K and Mg levels as hypokalemia and hypomagnesiumia is common and can cause RTA
what will be the result of treating normocytic anemia caused by CKD with EPO?
increased progenitor cell differentiation obviosuly
syphiliis diagnosis
ab to neissieria are lilely directed at what?
at the pili to help avoid attachment to oropharynx
antigenic variation makes it hard to build up immunity to these pili tho
what are the characteristics of anaplastic cells?
loss of polarity, coalesce into sheets and islands
variation in shapes and sizes
large nuclei, coarse chromatin
numerous abnomral mitotic figures
giant, multinucleated tumor cells
ex: brain tumor with giant cells
what kind of gene modification is responsible for the manifestation of huntington’s dz?
histone deacetylation
why is the h flu vaccine conjugated with tetanus toxoid?
to help induce a T cell mediated response to prolong immunity thru B cell production
name a stimulant laxattive that stimnulates the enteric plexus to increase GI motility
bisacodyl
catheter wave forms
if someone has carotid body sensitivity, what nerve may be involved?
glossopharyngeal
male pt with large anterior mediastinal mass and elevated bHCG and AFP probably has what?
(nonseminomatous) GCT or malignant teratoma
VPN or thayer martin agar is considered ____
selective
effusions
knee mri posterior coronal plane
homogenous, pale eosiniphilic/pink cytoplasm in hepatocytes or ground glass hepatocytes means
hep B
which is more likely to cause satiety and weight loss for db drugs?
GLP1 agonists
DDP4 inhibitors are less likely to cause weight loss
GABA agonists in cerbreal palsy?
reduce spacitiy by increasing GABA activity (which is inhibotoru)
is eelvated CK directly related to mitochondrial damagE/
no just related to cell membrane damage boooo
amphotercin and NYSTATIN bind to what?
ergosterol and poke holes
azoles inhibit synthesis of ergosterol
elevated Ca levels in sarcoidosis are related to what?
activated macropahges
note there can be elevated ACE and hypercalciruia
got it right but review
what is the treatment for mycoplasma oneumoinia ?
protein synthesis inhibitor
(macrolides tetracyclines)
itchiness after morpine, abx, contrast?
IgE independent mast cell degranulation
what will you find in the stool of storngiolodies?
rhabiditiform larvae
aging lung
positive birefringement particlaes with dense worled nodules
silica
propofol is a lipophilic drug meaning
it gets redistributed into the tissues
draw
LDL R increase or decrease with statins?
increase in density
what is a an easy measurement for VHL patients?
plasma metanephrnes
include: RCC, pheochromocytomas, brain/retina hemangioblasromas
amyloid is seen in what aged brain dz?
alzehimers
metoprolol (cardioselective) is better than propranolol in what case?
AMI
chronic lymphadema (even if its not assox with radaition) causes rosk for what?
angiosarcoma
PV is due to
JAK2 mutation which makes cells more sensitive to growth signals
AZA vs mycophenolate
staph aureus has what virulence factor
protein A (not IgA)
functions to bind the Fc portion of IgG leading to impaired complement activation, opsonization and phagocytosis
in a gallstone ileus, where is the blcok?
in the ileum
baby with low total T4, normal free T4 and TSH has what?
thyroid dysgenieiss is
TBG deficeincy
most common cause of hypothyroid in infancy but is normally asyx at first and TSH would be high and T4 would be low
fidoximccin (related to macrolides) has what MOA?
binds and inhibits the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase
can tx C diff
stenotic vs normal kidney
what arteries are assox with which parts of duodenum
ERythrocytes can do this and make no ATP as a result
WHAT SI THE FUNCTION OF BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS LIKE -BACTAMS, AND CLAVILUNIC ACID?
PREVENT BETA LACTAMSE FROM INACTIVATING THE DRUG
PSEUDOMONAS AND DIPHTERIA HAVE WHAT IN COMMON?
EXOTOXIN THAT RIBOSYLATES AND INACTIVATES FACTOR ELONGATION FACTOR 2
ACUTE HEPATITS FROM MOST HEP VIRUS CAUSE WHAT IN LIVER CELLS?
HEPATOCYTE BALLOONING/SWELLING AND APOPTOSIS
BURR CELLS AND HELMET CELLS ARE ASSOX WITH WHAT?
TRAUMATIC HEMOLYSIS FROM MICROANGIOPATHIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA OR MECHANICAL RED CELL DESSTRCTION
CAN ALSO BE FROM PROSTEHETIC VALVES
ALONG WITH HISTMAINE, WAHT ELSE CAN BE RELEASED DURING ANAPHYLAXIS?
TRYPTASE
HIGH AFFINITY RECEPTOR AGGREGATION AND DEGRANULATION LEADS TO WHAT?
MAST CELL DEGRANULATION AND ANAPHYLAXIS
KNOWW
NEPHROTIC SYNDROME IN RA CAN BE ASSOXIATED WITH WHAT?
AA AMYLOID DEPOSITION
DISTAL SYMETIRC POLYNEUROPATHY CAN BE TREATED WITH WHAT?
AMYTRIPTYLINE
NSAID INDUCED KINDYEN DAMAGE CAN BE FROM WHAT?
IMPAIRED AFFERENT ARTERIOLAR VASODILATION
