Rapid Review Preview #15 (Day 14)

Question 1

1st line & 2nd line tx moderate hypercalcemia

Answer 1

IV Hydration; 2nd line - Loop diuretics

Question 2

45 yo M p/w acute flank pain & hematuria

Answer 2

Nephrolithiasis

Question 3

Test r/o urethral injury

Answer 3

Retrograde cystourethrogram

Question 4

75 yo M p/w fatigue, LAD, splenomegaly, isolated lymphocytosis

Answer 4

CLL

Question 5

Meningitis dx in neonate - most likely organisms & empiric tx

Answer 5

(1) GBS (2) E. coli (3) Listeria; Amp/Gent

Question 6

Bone pathology: onion skinning of bone on X-ray

Answer 6

Ewing sarcoma

Question 7

Skin cancer: varying degrees of scaling & ulceration

Answer 7

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 8

Premalignant lesion from sun exposure that can lead to squamous cell carcinoma - Tx

Answer 8

Actinic keratosis; 5-FU or cryoablation (liquid ablation)

Question 9

Tx DKA

Answer 9

Fluids, Insulin, Replace electrolytes (K, Mg, Phosphates); Once glucose down to normal, continue w/ insulin & add glucose until normal anion gap; Check for absent ketones to confirm resolution

Question 10

Weakness, n/v, weight loss, new hypopigmentation; Labs: hyponatremia, hyperkalemia - Dx & Tx

Answer 10

Addison’s disease; Glucocorticoids & mineralcorticoids (Fludrocortisone)

Question 11

Sacral illitis - Dx

Answer 11

Ankylosing spondylitis (p/w bamboo spine on x-ray)

Question 12

Child p/w midline neck mass

Answer 12

Thyroglossal duct cyst

Question 13

Child p/w lateral neck mass

Answer 13

Brachial cleft cyst

Question 14

Med tx IBD

Answer 14

5-ASA +/- Sulfasalazine; If w/ sulfalazine = mesalamine (combo not work unless broken by bacteria in terminal ileum & colon, so 5-ASA in small bowel disease v. mesalamine in terminal ileum/colon); Steroids for acute exacerbations

Question 15

Mallory Weiss v. Boorheave

Answer 15

MW: superficial tear of esophageal mucosa; B: full thickness, esophageal rupture (life-threatening)

Question 16

Tx TTP

Answer 16

Large volume plasmapharesis, steroids, antiplatelet drugs

Question 17

Which of following elevated in DIC: Hct, platelets, fibrinogen, fibrin split products, D-dimer

Answer 17

Fibrin split products & D-Dimer increased; Hct, platelets, & fibrinogen decreased

Question 18

EKG finding assoc w/ hypothermia

Answer 18

J wave (small positive deflection after QRS wave)

Question 19

Infx assoc w/ cold agglutinins

Answer 19

IgM: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (maybe also Infectious mononucleosis?)

Question 20

Sign suggests radial nerve damage w/ humeral fracture

Answer 20

Wrist drop & loss of thumb abduction