Rapid Review Preview #11

Question 1

RTA type assoc w/ abnormal H+ secretion & nephrolithiasis

Answer 1

RTA Type 1

Question 2

Causes of hypervolemic hyponatremia

Answer 2

Cirrhosis, CHF, Nephrotic syndrome

Question 3

Cherry red skin, coma, O2 sat norm, carboxyhemoglobin elevated - Dx & Tx

Answer 3

Dx: Carbon monoxide poisoning; Tx: 100% hyperbaric oxygen

Question 4

Tx Delirium tremens

Answer 4

Benzodiazepines (chlordiaxepoxide aka Librium is common)

Question 5

Most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 5

Uterine atony (reason for massaging uterus & giving IV oxytocin after delivery)

Question 6

Drugs inhibiting transmission through AV node

Answer 6

Beta-blockers, digoxin, CCBs (verapamil, diltiazem)

Question 7

Skin lesion causing pearly papule with transulent surface & telangiectasias

Answer 7

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 8

Infx causing honey crusted lesions around nose or mouth

Answer 8

Impetigo (S. pyogenes or S. aureus)

Question 9

Hypocalcemia, High phosphorus, & Low PTH

Answer 9

Hypoparathyroidism

Question 10

Stones, bones, groans, & psychiatric overtones

Answer 10

Hypercalcemia (ususally due to hyperparathyroidism or bony malignancies)

Question 11

1st line tx acute ottitis media

Answer 11

Amoxicillin for 10 days; 2nd line: Amoxicillin w/ clavulanic acid… then Cephalosporin

Question 12

Cohort study: incidence or prevalence

Answer 12

Identify both since following pts over time

Question 13

MD can refuse tx pt on grounds of futility

Answer 13

No rationale for tx, maximum intervention already failed, or tx does not achieve goals of care

Question 14

Violent pt w/ vertical &/or horizontal nystagmus

Answer 14

PCP

Question 15

Diarrheal illness assoc w/ church picnics and mayonaise

Answer 15

S. aureus (preformed toxins)

Question 16

Cause of congenital red blood cell aplasia

Answer 16

Diamond-Blackfan anemia

Question 17

Pentad for TTP

Answer 17

Thrombocytopenia, renal failure, hemolytic anemia (HUS); fever, neuro changes

Question 18

Pt w/ recent travel to Southwest p/w fever, malaise, night sweats - Dx & Tx

Answer 18

Coccidioides imitis; Fluconazole

Question 19

Ring-enhancing brain lesion on CT w/ seizures

Answer 19

Brain abscess (may also see neurocysticercosis or toxoplasmosis, but this is classic)

Question 20

S/Sx of endocarditis

Answer 20

Fever, new heart murmur, splinter hemorrhages, Osler nodes, Janeway lesions, Roth spots, conjunctival hemorrhage