Day 7 - Epidemiology & Ethics

Question 1

Birth rate

Answer 1

live births per 1000 population

Question 2

Fertility rate

Answer 2

live births per 1000 women age 15-45 in pop

Question 3

Death rate

Answer 3

deaths per 1000 pop

Question 4

Neonatal mortality rate

Answer 4

neonatal deaths (first 28 days of life) per 1000 live births

Question 5

Perinatal mortality rate

Answer 5

neonatal deaths plus stillbirths per 1000 total births

Question 6

Infant mortality rate

Answer 6

deaths 0-1 yr per 1000 live births

Question 7

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 7

Maternal pregnancy-related deaths (deaths while preg or within first 42 days after delivery) per 100,000 live births

Question 8

Number needed to treat formula

Answer 8

= 1/Absolute risk reduction

Question 9

Confidence interval: define, formula & considerations

Answer 9

Range of values in which examiner can be confident that study result consistent w/ reality; Mean + z*standard error of mean; 90%, z = 1.645; 95%, z = 1.96; 99%, z = 2.57; As percent confidence interval increases, range widens; If CI crosses 1, may be no association between risk and disease; If CI crosses 0, may be no difference between two treatments