Radiography Flashcards
What could you make the patient drink in a contrast study?
Barium +
- radio opaque
More commonly iodine based water soluble contrast
Is a CT scan high or low dose x-rays?
High
Does MRI involve xrays?
No
How does MRI produce an image?
Magnetic field
What does nuclear medicine involve?
Radio isotopes - immiting radiation
What rays are used nuclear medicine?
Gamma rays
When would you take a lateral soft tissue of the neck?
Something stuck on throat
Not very useful
When would you take facial views (maxillofacial)?
Trauma
What xray do we use in a dental assessment?
OPT
Is a tomsillar abnormality in the oro pharynx or oral cavity?
Oropharynx
Where does a fish bone tend to get stuck?
Piriform fossa
Is an OPT a plane radiograph?
Yes
What gets blurred in an OPG?
In front and behind mandible
What can the blurring in an OPG cause?
Artefacts
Where is the ulcer here?
What classification is important in cancer?
TNM classification
Why not use barium in contrast studies?
If it gets elsewhere e.g, lungs can cause pneumonia
What is a sialogram?
test which uses x-rays and a contrast medium (x-ray dye) to produce detailed images of the salivary glands (parotid or submandibular glands)
What are the symptoms of a pharyngeal pouch?
Gurgling in the neck
Swelling
Discomfort
Undigested food vomiting after eating
What do you do if you suspect a pharyngeal pouch?
Laser therapy of cricopharyngeus muscle
- relieve symptoms
Why do you get a pharyngeal pouch?
Isotonic
Where has the perforation gone?
Airway and oesophagus
What is indicated here?
Shoulder replacement
Who would use a videofluroscopy?
Speech and language therapist
Laryngectomy?
Usually ptx has no speech or very low volume
Oesophageal speech
How could you help someone that has had a laryngectonomy?
Blom-singer valve
What does this show?
Parotid sialogram
Normal
sjogren’s disease symptoms?
Dry mouth
Dry eyes
Arthylagia
What can you use to characterise lymph nodes?
Ultrasound
What is normal and what is likely malignant?
Top = normal
Bottom = malignant (smooth)
What tumour is commonly found in the parotid gland?
Pleomorphic adenoma
PMAs
What has to be considered with CT scan?
IRMER
What would you use for bony detail?
CT scan
What would you use for soft tissue?
MRI
Is this an emergency?
Yes, pushing on eye
Eye bulge
Stretch optic nerve
Retro pharyngeal abscess
What can a retropharyngeal abscess occlude?
Vessels
Here the jugular vein is occluded
Where is this tumour sitting?
Between the internal and external carotids
Carotid body tumour
The tumour is highly vascularised - hence why it is white
T1 vs T2 MRI?
T1 bright
T2 dark
What does this MRI show?
Retropharyngeal lypoma
Bright white is fat
What is a closed lock?
Disk in front of condyl
What scan will you use to look at TMJ?
MRI
What virus can oropharyngeal cancer be associated with?
HPV
What is PET CT scan used to diagnose?
tumours, diagnose heart disease, brain disorders and other conditions.
How can you tell the bright area is cancer?
Glucose uptake- could be cancer or inflammatory process
The first area is scar tissue to glucose uptake
