Neurones: Synaptic Transmission Flashcards
What do chemical synapses use?
Neurotransmitters
What does lidocaine do to AP?
Disrupt AP propagation
What do barbiturates do?
Disrupt synaptic transmission
What drug is used in Alzheimer’s?
Anticholonesterases
Most widely studies synaptic junction?
NMJ
When the ach binds the nicotine cholinergic receptor, what occurs?
Potassium out and sodium in
Opening of what channel generates the AP?
Voltage gated sodium channels
What is dopamine?
Single amino acid
Name types of excitory amino acids
Dopamine
Glutamate
Aspartame
Name inhibitory amino acids in brain?
GABA
Name inhibitory amino acid in the spinal cord?
Glycine
Name types of peptides
Substance P
Opioid peptides
What is the role of peptide substance P?
Pain
What is the role of opioid peptides?
Block pain
Name types of purines
AMP and ATP
Name types of gases
NO and CO (retrograde signalling)
Name types of lipids
Cannabinoids
Eicosanoids
Both retrograde and involved in intracellular signalling
They tone things down
Where is glutamate found?
CNS
What are muscarinic receptors linked to?
GPCR
Where are alpha adrenergjc receptors found?
Nerve terminals
Where are beta adrenergic receptors found?
Muscles -heart and skeletal
What receptor is associated with nicotinic receptors?
Hippocampus … Alzheimer’s
What do nicotinic receptors facilitate?
Monovalent cation channels
What ach receptor is found in the CNS?
Glutamate
What is the role of glial cells neuotransmission?
Indirectly inhibit neurotransmitter in the synapse
Pump back into nerve terminal for reuse
How can neurotrasmission be inhibited?
- Transported into glial cells
- Returned to axon terminal for reuse
- Enzymes inhibit neurotransmitter
- Recycling it
What neurotrasmitters low for EPSP?
Glu
Ach
What are the IPSPs?
GABA
Gly
What receptors are the slow synaptic potential?
GPCR
What receptors allow fast synaptic potentials? And what does this result in?
Ligand gated ion channels
Ion channels close (less Na in less K out)
What is presynaptic inhibition?
Inhibitory neurone at the axon terminal - it’s a selectivity
What is post-synaptic inhibition?
All targets will be inhibited equally
