endocrinology 3 - growth hormone

Question 1

What hormone is critical for the effect of GH?

Answer 1

THYROID HORMONES

Question 2

Why are thyroid hormones critical for the effect of GH?

Answer 2

TH stimulate GH receptor expression

allows GH to have an effect

Question 3

How are sex hormone slinked to GH?

Answer 3

they co=ordinate pubertal growth spurt

Question 4

What do sex hormones stimulate the production of?

Answer 4

GH

IGF

Question 5

sex hormones stimulate IGF and GF, but what else do they do?

Answer 5

induce closure of epiphyseal plate (stops further growth)

Question 6

What is the effect of testosterone?

Answer 6

directly increases protein synthesis (anabolic rates)

Question 7

What does insulin enhance?

Answer 7

enhances protein synthesis and amino acid uptake

uptake of glucose into cells

helps maintain energy balance

Question 8

What does insulin inhibit?

Answer 8

protein degradation

Question 9

What is cortisol in hight conc?

Answer 9

antagonistic in high conc

Question 10

What does cortisol stimulate?

Answer 10

proetin breakdiwn

Question 11

What does cortisol inhibit/arrest?

Answer 11

inhibit GH and growth processes

arrests growth in favour of stress responses

Question 12

When does the GH dictate dwarfism?

Answer 12

childhood deficiency in GH

Question 13

What 2 things cause a deficiency in GH?

Answer 13

production problem

receptor problem

Question 14

How do you treat dwarfism?

Answer 14

genetically engineered hGH

Question 15

Why is there a limited treatment for dwarfism?

Answer 15

before epiphyseal plate closes

Question 16

What can cause childhood excess of GH?

Answer 16

caused by a benign, slow growing, GH-secreting anterior pituitary tumour

Question 17

How can you treat gigantism?

Answer 17

surgical removal of tumour

can be treated with somatostatins-like drugs (inhibit GH release)

Question 18

What is the disorder of excess GH after epiphyseal plate closure?

Answer 18

acromegaly

Question 19

What causes acromegaly?

Answer 19

caused by benign, slow growing, GH-secreting AP tumour

Question 20

What are the symptoms of acromegaly?

Answer 20

thickening of bones in hands, feet and head (particularly in jaw)

increased size of soft tissues (e.g. heart) may impair physiological function

Question 21

What GH disorder is associated with adulthood?

Answer 21

acromegaly

Question 22

Treatmet for acromegaly?

Answer 22

surgical removal of tumour

somatostatins-like drugs (inhibit GH release)