endocrinology 2 Flashcards
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
integration centre for endocrine systems
What connects the hypothalamus and pituitary gland?
infundibulum
What is the true endocrine tissue of the pituitary gland?
anterior
How is the ant. pituitary connected to the hypothalamus?
2 connected capillary beds (portal system)
What is the tissue origin of the ant. pituitary?
epithelial
What portion of the gland doe the ant. make up?
2/3
What part of the pituitary is neuroendocrine tissue?
post
What is the tissue origin of the post pituitary?
neural
How does the post. pituitary connect to hypothalamus?
neural connection
What does the post. pituitary secrete?
neurohormones made in hypothalamus
What is the ant. pituitary also called?
adenohypophysis
What is the post. pituitary also called?
neurohypophysis
What peptide hormones does post. pituitary release?
vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone; ADH)
oxytocin
Where are ADH and oxytocin synthesised?
magnocellular neurones in the hypothalamus
- different subsets (neurones) make either oxytocin or ADH
do the hypothalamus axons projecting down the infundibulum synapse with other neurones?
no, terminals end directly in capillaries
how are the mature neuronal hormones stored n the post. pituitary?
hormones stored in vesicles in the post. pituitary
What do the ADH and oxytocin behave like?
peptide hormones
What connects the cys in the ADH and oxytocin backbone?
disulphide bonds
Name the amino acids different in the ADH and oxytocin?
Phe –> lle
Arg –> leu
What is the main function of vasopressin (ADH)?
regulated water balance
What is the main function of oxytocin?
milk ejection and uterine contraction
What triggers the vasopressin (ADH release)?
increase plasma osmolarity (dehydration)
decrease volume/BP