Protein Structure

Question 1

What amino acids does a primary level have?

Answer 1

A chain

Question 2

What bonds are present in a primary structure?

Answer 2

Only peptide bonds between each amino acid

Question 3

What bonds are present in a secondary structure?

Answer 3

Hydrogen bonds and peptide bonds

Question 4

What does the chain in a secondary structure either fold into?

Answer 4

Alpha helix or beta pleated sheet

Question 5

What are the hydrogen bonds like in a secondary structure?

Answer 5

Weak

Question 6

Is hydrogen negative or positive?

Answer 6

Slightly positive

Question 7

Are nitrogen/oxygen negative or positive?

Answer 7

Slightly negative

Question 8

How can hydrogen bonds be broken and split?

Answer 8

By high temperatures and an altered pH

Question 9

What are the bonds and bridges in a tertiary structure?

Answer 9

Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, disulphide bridges and peptide bonds

Question 10

What shape is a tertiary structure?

Answer 10

3D shape

Question 11

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 11

The electrostatic attraction between a positive and a negative R group

Question 12

How can ionic bonds be split?

Answer 12

By changing the pH

Question 13

What bridges are the strongest bonds?

Answer 13

Disulphide bridges

Question 14

What are disulphide bridges?

Answer 14

Covalent bonds between sulphur molecules and cystine R group

Question 15

How can disulphide bonds be split?

Answer 15

By reducing agents

Question 16

What are London forces?

Answer 16

Very weak forces of attraction between non-polar R groups

Question 17

How can London forces be split?

Answer 17

By a rise in temperature

Question 18

How can London forces be split?

Answer 18

By a rise in temperature

Question 19

How many polypeptide chains are in a quaternary structure?

Answer 19

More than one

Question 20

What might quaternary structures also involve?

Answer 20

Prosthetic groups like iron