ATP Flashcards
What does ATP consist of?
Adenine, 3 phosphate groups and ribose (pentose sugar)
What is ATP?
A nucleotide
What is ATP?
The energy- carrying molecule that provides the energy to drive many processes inside living cells
What is ATP another type of?
Nucleic acid
What is ATP structurally very similar to?
The nucleotides that make up DNA and RNA
What is ATP structurally very similar to?
The nucleotides that make up DNA and RNA
What type of nucleotide is ATP?
A phosphorolyated nucleotide ( the addition of a phosphate ion)
What is the reaction for when ATP gets hydrolysed?
ATP -> ADP + Pi
What is the hydrolysis reaction catalysed by?
ATP hydrolase
What does ATP synthase form?
ATP
What are the bonds between phosphate like?
They have low activation energy- can be hydrolysed easily
What does the mitochondrial enzyme do?
Catalyses the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate
What can the hydrolysis of ATP be used in?
Active transport of ions up a concentration gradient
Enzyme controlled reactions
Muscle contractions
What is good about ATP being an immediate energy source?
Small amount are released
Enough energy to drive important metabolic reactions while keeping energy wastage low
Intermediate energy substance?
Transfers energy
Phosphorylates compounds?
Making metabolites more reactive- lowering the Ea of the reaction
Phosphorylates compounds?
Making metabolites more reactive- lowering the Ea of the reaction
Soluble?
Can move from cell to cell- can transport energy to different areas of the cell
ATP cannot be…
Stored
ATP can be….
Recycled
Is hydrolysis quick?
Yes- it is quick and easy- allows cells to respond to a sudden increase in energy demand
Metabolic processes?
ATP provides energy to build up macromolecules
Movement?
Provides energy for muscle contraction
Active transport?
Provides energy to change carrier proteins in the membrane
Secretion?
ATP is needed to form lysosomes
Activation of molecules?
Phosphorylation of other compounds- lowering the Ea