presentation notes for urinary system Flashcards
- removing waste products, nitrogenous waste.
- maintain fluid balance and salts
- maintain acid-base balance in the blood
urinary system functions
urination or process of expelling urine
micturition
parts of urinary system
- kidneys
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
located above the waistline, at about 11th and 12th rib.
kidneys
the kidneys are outside the peritoneal sac
retroperitoneal organ
fibrous capsule that surrounds the kidney and a layer of adipose tissue. fat pad acts as a shock absorber
renal capsule
the medial curve is where all the blood vessel, nerves and ureters enter there
hilum (hilum)
frontal section of the kidney shows major structures
- cortex
- medulla
- kidney pelvis
outer layer of the kidney
cortex
sits inside the cortex of the kidney expanding out from the hilum
medulla
slightly striated structures. base of the pyramid face the Cortex and the apex point into the center of the kidney.
renal pyramids
upper most part of the ureter. acts as a collecting basin for urine as it comes out of the kidneys
kidney pelvis
area where the renal pyramids point into.
calyces
microscopically the kidney is composed of
nephrons
Renal corpuscle
renal tubules
structure of nephron
formed by the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus; Bowmans capsule surrounds the glomerulus which is a specialized capillary bed and pulls water and waste from the blood.
renal corpuscle
long narrow tubes that allow reabsorption and excretion into the ureter
renal tubules
nephrons have 3 functions
filtration, reabsorption and secretion
long tubes that convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. contain smooth muscle and use peristaltic action to move urine
ureter
reservoir for urine awaiting discharge from the body
urinary bladder
tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body
urethra
any infection that takes up residence in the system
urinary tract infection
kidney stones calcium, magnesium, uric acid salts or crystalline urine.
renal calculi
