Plasma and serum protein

Question 1

What is the most abundant component of plasma

Answer 1

Proteins. Can be combined with other substances

Question 2

Plasma protein functions

Answer 2

-Coagulation
-Oncotic pressure
-Host defense
-Transport
-Balance nitrogen balance
-REgulate cellular metabolism
-Prevent proteolysis

Question 3

Albumin

Answer 3

Smallest but most abundant protein and made in the liver. 75% of colloidal osmotic pressure
Important carrier molecule

Question 4

Globulins

Answer 4

All the non albumin proteins (Immunoglobulins and acute phase proteins are the main ones) most made in the liver except Immunoglobulins (plasma and B lymphocytes)

Question 5

Acute phase proteins

Answer 5

Change concentration in response to inflammatory cytokines

Question 6

Negative APPs

Answer 6

Decrease concentration from inflammatory cytokines.
-Albumin
-Transferrin
-Prealbumin

Question 7

Acute phase proteins

Answer 7

Change concentration in response to inflammatory cytokines. Major APPs rapidly increase or decrease and is different for each species

Question 8

Plasma vs Serum

Answer 8

Plasma contains all proteins and must be collected with anticoagulants. Serum contains all proteins except fibrinogen due to being used up during the clotting process

Question 9

Interferences for TP from the refractometer

Answer 9

Can be affected by:
-Hyperglycemia
-Increased urea
-Hypercholesterolemia
-Lipemia
-Extra EDTA in blood

Question 10

Measuring fibrinogen

Answer 10

Use heat precipitation to get crude measurements in LA. Spin two hematocrit tubes and measure the TP in the first and heat the second one and measure the TP. Subtract the two to get fibrinogen

Question 11

Total proteins via spectrophotometry

Answer 11

Detects peptide bonds (Biuret reaction) and reported in serum chemistry and measured in serum. Usually a lower value to TP from refractometer due to non protein solids from the refractometer

Question 12

Bromcresol green dye binding

Answer 12

Measure albumin spectrophotometrically and reported in serum chemistry profile

Question 13

Interferences with Bromcresol green dye binding

Answer 13

Bind to globulins if albumin is loss
Hemolysis
Can’t use for rabbits, monkeys, and most birds

Question 14

Globulin measurements

Answer 14

Calculated TP-Albumin=Globulin

Question 15

Serum protein electrophoresis

Answer 15

Serum applied to agarose gel and proteins migrate towards cathode (-) or anode (+). Separate proteins based on size, shape, and charge