Hyperglycemia

Question 1

Process

Answer 1

-Increased intake
-Increased production (gluconeogenesis_
-Increased glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis)
-Decreased uptake by peripheral tissues

Question 2

Physiologic hyperglycemia

Answer 2

-Postprandial
-Excitement or fright
-Glucocorticoid associated stress
-Diestrus due to progesterone

Question 3

Pathologic hyperglycemia

Answer 3

-Endocrinopathies
-Pancreatic disease
-Functional neoplasms

Question 4

Endocrinopathies

Answer 4

-DM
-Hyperpituitarism
-Hyperadrenocorticism
-Hypersomatotropism

Question 5

Hyperpituitarism

Answer 5

PPID in horses.
Increased ACTH-> increased cortisol-> increased gluconeogenesis and decreased glucose uptake as well as increase GH and decreased glucose uptake

Question 6

Hyperadrenocorticism

Answer 6

Increased cortisol-> increased gluconeogenesis and decreased glucose uptake

Question 7

Hypersomatotropism

Answer 7

Increased GH -> increased gluconeogenesis and decreased glucose uptake

Question 8

Diabetes mellitus types

Answer 8

I-> targeted pancreatic Beta cell destruction
II-> peripheral insulin resistance with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion

Question 9

Type I DM causes

Answer 9

-Targeted Beta cell destruction
-Acute pancreatitis
-Pancreatic carcinoma

Question 10

Pharmacologic increase in gluconeogenesis/glycogenolysis

Answer 10

-Ketamine
-Ethylene glycol
-Morphine
-Glucocorticoids

Question 11

Decreased insulin secretion pharmacology

Answer 11

-Xylazine
-Detomidine
-Propranolol

Question 12

Somogyi effect

Answer 12

Excess insulin administration-> marked hypoglycemia-> increased counterregulatory hormones-> rebound hyperglycemia