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planetary geol Flashcards

1
Q

rotating donut shaoed collection vaporized rock

A

syestia

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2
Q

went into a lunar orbit and returned
dec 21 1968-dec 27-1968

A

apollo 8

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3
Q

went into a lunar orbit and returned may 18-1969-may 26 1969

A

apollo 10

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4
Q

this returned on july 24 1969

A

apollo 11

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5
Q

landed on the moon in the sea of tranquility and brought 2nd team on the moon
nov 14 1969-nov 24 1969

A

apollo 12

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6
Q

went on a lunar flyby due to a malfunction and forced cancellation of the moon landing
april 11 1970- april 17 1970

A

apollo 13

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7
Q

landed on the moon in the fra mauro
feb 5 1971

A

apollo 14

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8
Q

landed on the moon in the hadley ridlle om feb 5 1971

A

apollo 15

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9
Q

january 3-2
2003 EH1 parent body

A

quadrantids

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10
Q

april 21-22
comet c/1861 G1 parent body

A

lyrids

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11
Q

may 5-6
comet 1p/halley parent body

A

eta aquariids

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12
Q

july 29-30
unknown sungrazing comet parent body

A

southern delta aquariids

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13
Q

august 12-13
comet 109pl swe tuttle parent body

A

perseids

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14
Q

oct 21-22
comet 1p/halley parent body

A

orionids

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15
Q

nov 17-18
comet 55p/tempel-tuttle parent body

A

leonids

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16
Q

dec 13-14
3200 phaethon parent body

A

geminids

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17
Q

dec 22-23
comet 8p/ tuttle parent body

A

ursids

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18
Q

radius and distance of sun from earth

A

695,508 km
d= 150,000,000

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19
Q

yellow star largest object 99.8% in the solar system

A

Sun

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20
Q

what is the radius of the sun

A

695,508km

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21
Q

what is the distance of sun from earth

A

150,000,000 km=1 AU

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22
Q

temperature of photosphere sunspot corona

A

5800 k
3800k
up to 1,000, 000k

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23
Q

what is the composition of the sun

A

70% H and 28% He

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24
Q

made of hot, dense plasma (ions and electrons), at a pressure estimated at 265 billion bar (3.84 trillion psi or 26.5 petapascals (PPa)) at the center. Due to fusion, the composition of the solar plasma drops from 68 to 70% hydrogen by mass at the outer core, to 34% hydrogen at the core/Sun center.

A

core of the sun

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25
Q

The layer of a star that lies just outside the core, to which radiant energy is transferred from the core in the form of photons. In this layer, photons bounce off other particles, following fairly random paths until they enter the convection zone.

A

radiative zone

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26
Q

the outer-most layer of the interior. It extends from a depth of 200,000 km up to the visible surface of the Sun. Energy is transported by convection in this region. The surface of the convection zone is where light (photons) is created. This top layer is called the photosphere.

A

convective zone

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27
Q

boundary between the Sun’s interior and the solar atmosphere is called the photosphere. It is what we see as the visible surface of the Sun.

A

visible zone of the sun

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28
Q

a thin layer of plasma that lies between the Sun’s visible surface (the photosphere) and the corona (the Sun’s upper atmosphere). It extends for at least 2,000 km (1,200 mi.) above the surface.

A

chromosphere

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29
Q

outermost region of the Sun’s atmosphere, consisting of plasma (hot ionized gas). It has a temperature of approximately two million kelvins and an extremely low density. The corona continually varies in size and shape as it is affected by the Sun’s magnetic field.

A

corona

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30
Q

fifth largest moon in the solar system

A

our moon

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31
Q

radius of the moon

A

1737.5 km

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32
Q

distance from earth

A

384,400 km

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33
Q

rotation and revolution of the moon

A

24hrs
27 days

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34
Q

composition of the moon

A

highlands- anorthosites
maria-basalt

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35
Q

parts of the moon

A

crust, liquid iron shell, iron core

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36
Q

smallest planet swift planet

A

mercury

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37
Q

distance of mercury from sun

A

58 million km or 0.4 AU

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38
Q

rotation of mercury

A

175.97 earth days

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39
Q

axial tilt:

A

0.1 degrees

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40
Q

how many moons does mercury have?

A

none!

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41
Q

what is the density of mercury

A

5.4g/cc

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42
Q

what is the compostion of mercury

A

exosphere: KONaHeH

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43
Q

first to orbit the planet mercury

A

messenger

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44
Q

first mission to explore the planet

A

mariner 10

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45
Q

third smallest planet closest to earth both in proximity and dimension does not experience any seasons hottest planet due to large amounts of greenhouse gases possesses volcanoes wc may indicate active tecttonism

A

venus

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46
Q

highest 20,000 mountain on venus

A

maxwell montes

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47
Q

complex dome of shield volcanoes

A

alta regio

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48
Q

highland plateau created by crustal compression

A

thetis regio

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49
Q

prominent canyons

A

chasmata

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50
Q

radius of venus from earth

A

6,052km

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51
Q

venus distance from sun

A

108 million km or 0.7 AU

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52
Q

rotation venus

A

243 earth days longest in the solar system

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53
Q

revolution of venus

A

225 earth days

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54
Q

axial tilt

A

177 degrees

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55
Q

density of venus

A

5.2 g/cc

56
Q

how many moons?

A

none!

57
Q

transit of venus

A

every 100 earth years
last 2012 next 2117

58
Q

occurs when a planet passes between a star and its observer. our solar system can be observed from Earth when Venus or Mercury travel between us and the Sun.

A

transit

59
Q

composition of venus

A

atmosphere: CO2, H2S

60
Q

region above the arctic circle 66 degrees 34 North

A

arctic

61
Q

region below the antartic circle 66 degrees 34 South

A

antartic

62
Q

tallest mountain on earth 10,203m

A

mauna kea

63
Q

deepest surface canyon 6,009 m deep

A

yariung tsangpo, tibet china

64
Q

composition of earth

A

78% N, 1% O, 21%

65
Q

fourth planet from the sun and the second smallest planet one of the most explored bodies in the solar system

A

mars

66
Q

largest volcano in the solar system 624km in diameter

A

olympus mons

67
Q

largest ibserved impact basin in the solar system 2,2000 km in diameter

A

helias planitia

68
Q

large canyon system and stretches more than 4,800 km long

A

valies marineris

69
Q

largest volcano in terms of base diameter

A

alba patera

70
Q

radius of mars

A

3390 km

71
Q

distance from the sun

A

228 million km

72
Q

composition of mars

A

fe ni s

73
Q

rotation of mars

A

24.6 hours

74
Q

revolution of mars

A

687 earth days

75
Q

axial tilt

A

25.0 degrees

76
Q

desity of mars

A

3.9 g/cc

77
Q

what are the moons of mars

A

phobos and deimos

78
Q

its stripes and swirls are actually cold windy clouds of ammonia and water floating in an atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium

A

jupiter

79
Q

largest and most powerful hurricane in the solar system and has been around for around 150 years

A

great red spot

80
Q

radius of jupiter

A

69,911 km

81
Q

distance from sun

A

778 million km 5.2 AU jupiter

82
Q

rotation of jupiter

A

10 hours shortest in the solar system

83
Q

revolution of jupiter

A

12 earth years

84
Q

axial tilt
density jupiter

A

3.0 degrees
1.3 g/cc

85
Q

moons of jupiter

A

79,99 as of 2019

86
Q

4 largest moons

A

galilean moons

87
Q

most volcanically active moon in solar system

A

Io

88
Q

largest moon in solar system

A

ganymede

89
Q

small surface activity

A

callisto

90
Q

possibly containing liquid water beneath icy ocean

A

europa

91
Q

composition of jupiter

A

mostly H and He
largest ocean made of hydrogen

92
Q

the only planet whose density is lesser than water

A

saturn

93
Q

radius of saturn

A

58,232 km

94
Q

distance from the sun

A

1.4 billion km or 9.5 AU

95
Q

rotation saturn

A

10.7 hours

96
Q

revolution of saturn

A

29.4 earth years

97
Q

axial tilt
density

A

26.73 degrees
0.7 g/cc

98
Q

how many moons saturn have

A

53! phoebe and titan

99
Q

composition of saturn

A

mostly h and he
core fe and ni
rings composed of pieces of moons, comets and asteroids

100
Q

first planet found with the aid of a telescope in 1781

A

uranus

101
Q

radius of uranus

A

25,362 km

102
Q

distance from the sun

A

2.9 billion km 19.8 AU

103
Q

rotation of uranus

A

17 hours

104
Q

revolution of uranus

A

84 earth years

105
Q

axial tilt and density

A

97.77 degrees
1.3 g/cc

106
Q

how many moons

A

27 named after william shakespeare and alexander pope and captured by asteroid

107
Q

composition of saturn

A

ice giant made of water methane and ammonia

108
Q

sometimes farther from pluto and crosses orbits for 20 years every 248 earth years and the windiest planet in the solar system

A

neptune

109
Q

large oval shaped storm large enough to contain earth but has since disappeared but new ones have appeared

A

great dark spot

110
Q

radius of neptune

A

24,622 km

111
Q

distance from the sun

A

4.5 billion km or 30.1 AU

112
Q

rotation of neptune

A

16 hours

113
Q

revolution of neptune

A

164.81 earth years

114
Q

axial tilt and density of neptune

A

28.0
1.6g/cc

115
Q

how many moons

A

13
triton- largest moon of neptune

116
Q

composition of neptune

A

ice giant made of water methane and ammonia
atmosphere H and He with just a little bit methane

117
Q

dwarf planet ninth from the sun considered a double planet with charon for orbiting each other

A

pluto

118
Q

radius or pluto

A

1190km

119
Q

distance from the sun

A

5.8 billion km in average

120
Q

rotation and revolution of pluto

A

153 hours
248 earth years

121
Q

axial tilt and density of pluto

A

23.4
5.5 g/cc

122
Q

how many moons

A

5
charon- largest moon of pluto

123
Q

composition of p;uto

A

nitrogen methane and carbon monoxide

124
Q

only spacecraft to visit pluto, which passed close by in july 2015

A

new horizon

125
Q

dwarf planet and the largest object in the asteroid belt said to be prevented to form into another planet due to mars and jupiters strong gravitites

A

ceres

126
Q

radius
distance from sun
rotation
revolution of ceres

A

476 km
5.8 billion km in average
9 hours
1628 earth years

127
Q

dwarf planet located in teh kupier belt and smaller than pluto

A

makemake

128
Q

radius
distance from sun
rotation
revolution of makemake

A

715km
6.847 billion km in average
22.48 hours
305.34 earth years
moons 1

129
Q

dwarf planet about the size of plutoo but 3x father from sun

A

eris

130
Q

radius
distance from sun
rotation
revolution of
moons eris

A

1163km
~17.4 billion km in average
25.9 hours
557 earth years
moon 1 dysnomia

131
Q

dwarf planet located in the kupier belt that’s about the same size of pluto and is one of the fastest rotating large objects in our solar sytem distorting its appearance into looking like a football

A

haumea

132
Q

radius
distance from sun
rotation
revolution of
moons haumea

A

620km
6.452 billion km in average
4 hours
285 earth years
2
namaka-inner moon
hl’laka outer moon

133
Q

observatory where prof. mike brown first spotted haumea in 2003 during a survey of the outer solar system

A

palomar observatory

134
Q

earth
age
shape
eccentricity
obliquity

A

4.56 Ga
oblate spheroid
0.0167
23.5 average 22.1 min 24.5 max

135
Q

equatorial diameter
polar diameter
mass
mass of crust
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic

A

12576.27 km
12,713.504 km
5.9736x10^24 kg
2.36x10^22kg
64.7%
7.9%
27.4%

136
Q

area
land area
continental area
water area
oceanic area

A

5.10x10^14m2
1.48x10^14m2
2.0x10^14m2
3.62x10^14m2
3.1x10^14m2

for review (33 decks)

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